木质素衍生炭在碱金属离子电池负极中的研究进展  

Advances in lignin-derived carbon anodes for alkali metal ion batteries

作　　者：钟磊 邱学青 张文礼 ZHONG Lei;QIU Xueqing;ZHANG Wenli(School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;School of Advanced Manufacturing,Guangdong University of Technology,Jieyang 522000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学轻工化工学院,广东广州510006 [2]广东省植物资源生物炼制重点实验室,广东广州510006 [3]广东工业大学先进制造学院,广东揭阳522000

出　　处：《化工学报》2022年第8期3369-3380,共12页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22108044);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111380002);广东省植物资源生物炼制重点实验室开放课题项目(2021GDKLPRB07)。

摘　　要：碱金属离子在商品化石墨负极材料的嵌入/脱出过程中会发生较大的体积膨胀,导致容量衰减快、倍率性能差等问题。木质素衍生炭材料具有原料丰富、经济、制备工艺简单及结构可控等优点,作为碱金属离子电池负极表现出较高的容量、较好的倍率性能和循环稳定性。木质素衍生炭材料在过去十多年中取得了一些研究进展。基于此,简要介绍了碱金属离子电池碳材料负极的储能机理及特点,系统综述了木质素衍生炭材料在碱金属离子电池负极材料中的最新研究进展,重点总结了其合成策略、结构特征、储存机理以及其电化学性能等,指出了层间距调控、碳层排序和表面功能化与电化学性能之间的构效关系。此外,拓展概述了木质素衍生炭材料的发展前景和面临的挑战,为木质素衍生炭材料的下一步研究和开发提供参考。Alkali metal ions experience large volume expansion during the intercalation/extraction process of commercial graphite anode materials,resulting in rapid capacity decay and poor rate performance.Lignin-derived carbon materials(LDCs)with the characteristics of rich raw materials,economy,easy preparation and controllable structure have promising applications as anode materials,which exhibit excellent rate capability and cycling stability in alkali metal-ion batteries.This review introduces the charge storage mechanism of alkali metal ions in carbon anode materials,and summarizes the recent research advances of LDC in the anode materials for alkali metal ion batteries.Specifically,we discussed the synthesis strategies,structural features,storage mechanism and corresponding electrochemical properties of LDC anodes.Moreover,the relationships between carbon structure(interlayer spacing regulation,carbon layer ordering and surface functionalization)and electrochemical behaviors are outlined.The prospects and potential issues faced by LDC anodes are proposed to provide guidance for the nextstep R&D of LDC anodes.

关 键 词：木质素 复合材料 制备 锂离子电池 钠离子电池 钾离子电池 电化学 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能] TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]