高黏度烷基苊基础油的合成及润滑性能研究  

Synthesis of high viscosity alkylated acenaphthene and investigation of their lubrication property

作　　者：崔敬泽 汤琼[1] 陈晨 刘宇婕 徐红[1] 刘雷[1] 董晋湘[1] CUI Jingze;TANG Qiong;CHEN Chen;LIU Yujie;XU Hong;LIU Lei;DONG Jinxiang(College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学化学工程与技术学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《化工学报》2022年第8期3659-3668,共10页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1910202,21978194);山西省重点研发计划项目(202102090301005);山西省青年科学研究项目(202103021223064)。

摘　　要：目前润滑基础油主要来源于石油资源,基于我国富煤贫油的现状,开发煤基原料合成润滑基础油的工艺路线具有重要意义。以煤化工过程产生的多环芳烃(苊)和烯烃为原料,以离子液体([Et_(5)NH][Al_(2)Cl_(2)])为催化剂通过烷基化反应探索了高黏度润滑基础油的合成。通过调控烯烃(己烯或辛烯)和苊的反应比例,合成了四种不同组成和结构的多烷基苊基础油,通过GC和GC-MS对其成分进行了分析。对不同油品的物化性能指标进行表征,揭示了产物组成结构和性质的关系,烷基苊基础油具有高的黏度(10.1~19.5 mm^(2)·s^(-1),100℃)、苯胺点(<63℃)和起始氧化温度(>190℃);同时,烷基苊作为润滑基础油表现出优良的摩擦学性能,且随着苊环侧链烷基化程度的增加,其抗载荷能力会增强。At present,lubricating base oil mainly comes from petroleum resources.Based on the current situation of rich coal and lean oil in China,it is of great significance to develop a process route for synthesizing lubricating base oil from coal-based raw materials.Acenaphthene andα-olefins are the products of coal coking and coal-to-oils,respectively.Herein,the ionic liquid([Et_(3)NH][Al(2)Cl_(2)])was used as catalyst for the acenaphthene alkylation withα-olefins(C_(6)and C_(8))to produce high-viscosity lubricating base oil.Four alkylated acenaphthene products with various alkyl lengths were obtained by adjusting the feeding ratio,and their structures were analyzed by GC and GC-MS.Moreover,the physicochemical properties of synthetic oils were investigated to reveal their structure-properties relationship,the synthetic alkylated products showed high viscosity(10.1—19.5 mm^(2)·s^(-1),100℃),the aniline points(<63℃),and the oxidative onset temperatures(>190℃).The alkylated acenaphthenes as base oils displayed excellent tribological performance,the increase of side-chains on acenaphthene was beneficial to enhance their load-carrying capacity and tribological property.

关 键 词：离子液体 润滑基础油 苊 烯烃 烷基化 

分 类 号：TQ241.5[化学工程—有机化工]