一维液晶全息编码相控阵天线设计与实现  

Design and implementation of one-dimensional liquid crystal holographic coding phased array antenna

作　　者：修威 韩运皓 庞晨 李永祯[1] 王雪松[1] 田海燕 吴迪 XIU Wei;HAN Yunhao;PANG Chen;LI Yongzhen;WANG Xuesong;TIAN Haiyan;WU Di(CEMEE,College of Electronics Science,Nation University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;Beijing Huameta Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学电子科学学院电子信息系统复杂电磁环境效应国家重点实验室,长沙410073 [2]北京华镁钛科技有限公司,北京100085

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2022年第4期610-618,共9页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(61490690,61490694,61490692);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(61701512);国家自然科学基金面上项目(61971429)。

摘　　要：针对小型极化相控阵雷达精确信号目标探测应用背景,为降低传统T/R相控阵天馈系统设计及调试复杂度,满足低功耗、低损耗、低成本制造、轻薄等应用需求,提出了一种液晶全息编码相控阵天线.主体采用小型化全息辐射单元、慢波结构、平行板波导馈电系统构成的一维全息电控扫描相控阵天线,利用成熟液晶面板制造工艺,通过控制全息辐射单元下方液晶分子的偏转状态调节天线谐振频点,组成全息编码相控阵天线.天线结构通过仿真优化确定,并在实物加工和测量基础上通过全息优化算法及电压灰度控制降低由耦合作用引入的副瓣性能恶化度,用梯度递减的搜索算法结合适当的目标函数优化算法实现方向图的最优控制.实测结果表明,该天线的波束扫描角度达到±49°,经过算法优化后,波束指向角准确度改善3°,旁瓣抑制电平改善1.7 dB.Face to the precise signal guidance application of small fully polarimetric phased array radar,in order to reduce the design and debugging complexity of traditional T/R phased array antenna and feed system,and meet the needs of low power consumption,low insert loss,low cost manufacture,low profit phased array antenna,a liquid crystal holographic coding phased array antenna is proposed.One-dimensional holographic electronically controlled scanning phased array antenna is composed of miniaturized holographic radiation unit,slow wave structure and parallel plate waveguide feeding system.Making use of mature LCD panel manufacturing process,a holographic coding phased array antenna is constructed by controlling the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules under the holographic radiation unit to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna.Deterioration of sidelobe performance caused by coupling effect is reduced by holographic optimization algorithm and voltage grade control based on a real object processed and tested,and the optimal control of antenna pattern is achieved by the gradient decreasing search algorithm and the optimization algorithm of the appropriate objective function.The measured results indicate that the beam scanning angle of the antenna reaches±49°,and after optimized algorithm,the beam pointing angle accuracy reaches 3°,the sidelobe suppression level reaches 1.7 dB.

关 键 词：液晶超材料 平行板波导 慢波结构 全息编码 相控阵天线 

分 类 号：TN821.8[电子电信—信息与通信工程]