寒凝血瘀证动物模型研究现状  

Animal Model of Cold Congeal and Blood Stasis Syndrome: A Review

作　　者：宋晓丹 成秀梅[1,2] 周湘 白素芬 李新华 SONG Xiaodan;CHENG Xiumei;ZHOU Xiang;BAI Sufen;LI Xinhua(Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang 050200,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-kidney Patterns,Shijiazhuang 050091,China;North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]河北中医学院,石家庄050200 [2]河北省中西医结合肝肾病证研究重点实验室,石家庄050091 [3]华北理工大学,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2022年第15期267-274,共8页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82174426);河北省自然科学基金面上项目(H2021423020);河北省在读研究生创新能力培养资助项目(CXZZBS2022098);河北省教育厅重点项目(ZD2018035);河北中医学院科研能力提升重点项目(KTZ2019003)。

摘　　要：寒凝血瘀证是临床常见中医证型,寒凝血瘀证动物模型是探索中医寒凝血瘀证候实质的基础,是后续开展中医临床研究的前提。该文对近年寒凝血瘀证动物模型的建立方法、理论支撑及评价方法进行归纳总结,并对不同模型的优缺点进行分析。目前,寒凝血瘀证动物模型制备思路主要有病因造模、病因病理复合造模和病证结合造模3种。病因模型的制备主要采用冷暴露方法,根据寒冷的施加方法不同分为全身冷冻法、冰水浴法和局部冻伤法等;病因病理复合模型以寒冷刺激结合肾上腺素注射为主;常见的寒凝血瘀证病证结合模型有寒凝血瘀证冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病模型、寒凝血瘀证原发性痛经模型、寒凝血瘀证子宫内膜异位症模型、寒凝血瘀证动脉硬化闭塞症模型等。三大模型各具优势又各有不足,其中病证结合模型与临床实际的吻合度更高,可靠性和实用性更强,但此类模型的疾病种类较集中且病证结合方式存在争议。寒凝血瘀证模型的评价指标主要包括寒凝血瘀证表征评价,以及与血流状态有关的理化指标,如血液流变学、凝血功能、微循环等指标,也有学者从血管舒缩功能、内分泌、能量代谢等方面进行探索,现阶段的模型评价方法客观性和特异性均有待完善。寒凝血瘀证动物模型的研究应以临床实际为基础,以临床需求为导向,只有建立与临床病证特点高度吻合的动物模型才能更好地揭示寒凝血瘀证本质,推动中医药的现代化发展。The cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome is a common clinical traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome. The animal model of cold ongeal and blood stasis syndrome is the basis for exploring the essence of TCM cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome,and the premise of follow-up TCM clinical research.This paper summarized the preparation method, theoretical support,and evaluation method of animal models of cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome in recent years and analysed the strengthens and weaknesses of different models. At present,the common animal models of cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome mainly include etiological model,etiological and pathological composite model and disease-syndrome combination model. The etiological model was mainly prepared by cold exposure,which could be divided into whole-body freezing, ice bath and local frostbite. The etiological and pathological composite model was mainly prepared by cold stimulation combined with epinephrine injection. The common disease-syndrome combination models included the coronary heart disease model of cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome,primary dysmenorrhea model of cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome,endometriosis model of cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome, and arteriosclerosis obliterans model of cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome. The three models have both advantages and disadvantages. Specifically, the disease-syndrome combination model had the highest consistency with clinical practice and was more reliable and practical. However, the disease types of this model were specific,and the combination method of disease and syndrome was controversial. The evaluation indicators of the animal models of cold congeal and blood stasis syndrome focused on the characterization of the syndrome and the physico-chemical indicators related to blood flow,such as blood rheology,coagulation function and microcirculation. In addition, some scholars explored the evaluation indicators from the aspects of vasomotor function,endocrine and energy metaboli

关 键 词：寒凝血瘀证 证候模型 病证结合动物模型 模型评价 

分 类 号：R242[医药卫生—中医临床基础] R856.2[医药卫生—中医学] R965.1