水通道蛋白与“肾主水”理论的关系探析  

Relationship Between Aquaporins and "Kidney Governing Water" Theory

作　　者：王沐晨 单思[1,2] 刘红宁 WANG Muchen;SHAN Si;LIU Hongning(Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Etiology and Biology of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学中医基础理论分化发展研究中心,南昌330004 [2]江西省中医病因生物学重点实验室,南昌330004

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2022年第18期205-212,共8页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：江西省中医药管理局科技计划项目(2021B613);江西省卫生健康委科技计划申报书(SKJP_220210209);江西中医药大学博士科研启动基金课题(2019WBZR010)。

摘　　要：中医理论指出,“肾主水”在维持机体内水液代谢方面起着主导作用,通过肾气的开与阖决定体内水液的分布,潴留与排泄,对于某些水液代谢平衡失调的相关病症,常从肾论治。水通道蛋白是具有特异性转运水的通道蛋白,充当着细胞内和细胞间水流的调节器,维持水液动态平衡,因其所在部位和表达存在差异,又有着不同的生理功能。大量研究表明,水通道蛋白广泛分布于肾脏中,其表达的改变对揭示不同疾病所引起的水液代谢平衡失调有着重要意义。历代医家在对中医药调节水液代谢紊乱不断的探索中积累了丰富的经验,中医药具有整体观、多途径、多成分、多靶点的独特作用优势,在调节过程中取得了满意的疗效,但其具体作用机制尚不清楚。因此,笔者通过探讨“肾主水”与水通道蛋白表达、水液代谢紊乱三者之间的内在联系,总结中药提取物、单味中药、中药复方对水液代谢紊乱的调节及作用机制,诠释“肾主水”科学内涵,以期为中医药调节水液代谢紊乱疾病提供新思路和新方向。Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory holds that "kidney governing water" plays a leading role in maintaining the metabolism of water and fluid in the body.The opening and closing of kidney qi determines the distribution,retention,and excretion of water and fluid.The treatment of some diseases caused by the imbalance of water and fluid metabolism is often carried out based on the kidney.Aquaporins are channel proteins that specifically transport water.They act as a regulator of intracellular and intercellular water flow and maintain the dynamic balance of water and fluid.Because of the differences in their location and expression,they have different physiological functions.Numerous studies have shown that aquaporins are widely distributed in the kidney,and their altered expression is of important significance to reveal the imbalance of water and fluid metabolism caused by different diseases.Doctors of all dynasties have accumulated rich experience in the continuous exploration of TCM regulating water and fluid metabolism disorders.TCM has the unique advantages of holistic view involving multiple pathways,components,and targets,and has achieved satisfactory regulatory effect,but the specific mechanism of action is not fully revealed.Therefore,this study explored the internal correlation of "kidney governing water",the expression of aquaporins,and water and fluid metabolism disorders,summarized the regulatory effect and mechanism of Chinese medicinal extract,single Chinese medicine,and Chinese medicinal compound on water and fluid metabolism disorder,and interpreted the scientific connotation of "kidney governing water",in order to provide new ideas and new directions for the TCM treatment of diseases due to water and fluid metabolism disorders.

关 键 词：肾主水 水通道蛋白 水液代谢 中医药 

分 类 号：R2-0[医药卫生—中医学] R33[文化科学—情报学] G353.11R692