黑龙江上中游河段河床演变模拟  

Simulation for the evolution of scouring and deposition in the Heilongjiang Main River

作　　者：王大宇 李明亮 黄海 关见朝[1] WANG Da-yu;LI Ming-liang;HUANG Hai;GUAN Jian-zhao(Sediment Research Department,China Instiute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Bejing 100048,China;Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Instiute,Ministry of Water Resources,Bejing 100120,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所,北京100048 [2]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100120

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2022年第4期53-59,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407301);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研专项项目(SE 110145B0022021)。

摘　　要：黑龙江上中游冲刷坍岸、低滩切割现象频发,导致岸岛冲刷、水土流失问题严重,亟待开展岸岛防护。构建了黑龙江干流波克罗夫卡至抚远段的长距离一维水沙数学模型,预测了未来50年的冲淤变化趋势,分析了不同河段的冲淤特征。结果表明,在基于4种不同气候模式预测的来水来沙条件下,未来50年黑龙江干流河段冲淤交替,整体为微淤积;其中,结雅河-逊河以及逊河-萝北河段冲刷强度相对较大,且结雅河来流较大时对结雅河-逊河河段冲刷影响较大;萝北县-同江、同江-抚远河段淤积强度较大,松花江出现大洪水时,对同江至抚远河段的淤积影响较为明显。构建的黑龙江干流长河段一维水沙数学模型的计算成果可为黑龙江岸岛防护提供决策依据。The frequent occurrence of bank erosion, caving and low-bank cutting have caused the loss of bank and island area in the upper and middle reach of the Heilongjiang River. Therefore, the protection of bank and island is needed urgently. In this paper, a one-dimensional flow and sediment numerical model was established for the Heilongjiang main river, and its evolution of scour and deposition in the next 50 years were simulated. It indicated that under the water and sediment conditions predicted by four different climate models, the different reaches of the Heilongjiang River occurred scour or deposition. For the overall reach, it would be deposited slightly in the next 50 years. The Jieyahe-Xunhe reach and the Xunhe-Luobei reach scoured relatively stronger, and flood of the Jieya River would have obvious influence on the scour of the Jieya-Xunhe reach. Luobei-Tongjiang reach and Tongjiang-Fuyuan reach were deposited in the next 50 years. If the Songhuajiang River occurs flood, the sediment deposition would be more serious in the Tongjiang-Fuyuan reach.

关 键 词：黑龙江 水沙数学模型 冲淤演变 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]