青蒿提取物治疗兔球虫病效果评价  

Efficacy evaluation of Artemisia annua extract in treatment of rabbit coccidiosis

作　　者：王丽坤 金振华 张国华 张备 鹿凌岩 郝彩虹 刘珈羽 田秋丰 Wang Likun;Jin Zhenhua;Zhang Guohua;Zhang Bci;Lu Lingyan;Hao Caihong;Liu Jiayu;Tian Qiufeng(Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy Sciences,Heilongjiang Qiqihar 161005)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2022年第7期43-46,共4页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科学计划指导项目“抗球虫中药青蒿有效成分提取工艺筛选(NYZD-2017009)”。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究青蒿素对兔球虫病的治疗效果。试验利用超声波提取法提取青蒿的有效成分青蒿素,选择30只1~2月龄健康兔为靶动物,随机分为6组,每组5只兔。空白对照组不感染不用药;青蒿提取物低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组试验兔每日分别喂服5、10、15 g/kg青蒿粉末提取后的浓缩物;妥曲珠利组试验兔每日喂服托曲珠利0.4 mL/kg;并设立感染不用药对照组。试验期15 d。通过人工感染孢子化兔球虫卵囊,应用球虫卵囊计数法计算每克粪便中卵囊数量;计算抗球虫指数,对青蒿提取物高剂量组与妥曲珠利组抗球虫效果进行评价。结果显示,各时间段各用药组幼兔粪便中兔球虫卵囊数均显著低于感染不用药对照组(P<0.05),说明各用药组的药物均具有一定的抗球虫作用。试验第15 d时,青蒿提取物高剂量组与妥曲珠利组在幼兔粪便中的兔球虫卵囊数差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著低于其他用药组(P<0.05)。青蒿提取物高剂量组和妥曲珠利组的抗球虫指数(ACI)均大于180。研究表明,青蒿素可作为化学类抗球虫药物的替代药物应用于兔球虫病的临床治疗。The purpose of the experiment was to explore the therapeutic effect of artemisinin on rabbit coccidiosis. The experiment used ultrasonic extraction method to extract artemisinin, the active ingredient of Artemisia annua. 30 healthy rabbits from 1~2 months were selected as target animals and randomly divided into six groups with five rabbits in each group. Blank control group was not infected and did not use medicine. The test rabbits in low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group of Artemisia annua extract were fed 5, 10, and 15 g/kg of Artemisia annua extract powder concentrate, respectively. The test rabbits in toltrazuril group were fed toltrazuril 0.4 mL/kg every day, and set up infection without drug control group. The test period was 15 d. By artificially infecting sporulated rabbit coccidial oocysts, the number of oocysts per gram of feces was calculated by the coccidial oocyst counting method. The anti-coccidial index was calculated, and the anti-coccidial effects of high-dose Artemisia annua extract group and toltrazuril group were evaluated.The results showed that the number of rabbit coccidial oocysts in the feces of rabbits in each drug group at each time period was significantly lower than that in control group without drug infection(P<0.05), indicating that the drugs in each drug group had a certain anti-coccidial effect. On the 15th day of the experiment, there was no significant difference in the number of oocysts in the feces of rabbits between Artemisia annua extract high-dose group and toltrazuril group(P>0.05),but it was significantly lower than the other drug groups(P<0.05). The anti-coccidial index(ACI) of high-dose Artemisia annua extract group and toltrazuril group were both greater than 180. The study indicates that artemisinin can be used as a substitute for chemical anticoccidial drugs in the clinical treatment of rabbit coccidiosis.

关 键 词：青蒿素 兔球虫病 超声波提取法 妥曲珠利 球虫卵囊计数法 

分 类 号：S859[农业科学—临床兽医学]