不同时期接种黄孢原毛平革菌对稻壳和鸡粪堆肥腐殖化的影响  

Effect of Phanerochaete chrysosporium inoculation in different times of rice husk and chicken manure composting on humification of compost

作　　者：马丽婷 徐智[1] 赵兵 陈妍 邓亚琴 王宇蕴[1] MA Liting;XU Zhi;ZHAO Bing;CHEN Yan;DENG Yaqin;WANG Yuyun(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2022年第9期1522-1530,共9页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760609);中央引导高校发展杰出人才专项(A3012020017013);云南省高层次人才培养支持计划青年拔尖人才专项(A3012020057)资助。

摘　　要：为了实现稻壳和鸡粪堆肥中木质纤维素的高效降解,促进堆肥的腐殖化,采用黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)作为接种剂,设置T1(不接菌)、T2[堆肥降温期(第18天)接菌]和T3[堆肥初期(第0天)接菌]3个处理,通过研究在不同堆肥时期接种黄孢原毛平革菌强化木质素和纤维素降解的作用,关键酶活性变化及其与腐质化过程的偶联,以确定接种黄孢原毛平革菌对堆肥腐殖化的促进作用。结果表明,与T1处理相比,T2处理的木质素过氧化物酶和锰过氧化物酶活性、木质素和纤维素降解率和腐殖化程度均显著提高(P<0.05)。堆肥结束时,与T1相比,T2的木质素和纤维素含量显著降低78.57%和52.63%(P<0.05),与T3相比,T2木质素和纤维素含量显著降低57.14%和40.00%(P<0.05);T2腐殖质含量分别比T1和T3显著提高67.84%和52.33%(P<0.05)。此外,多种腐熟指标表明T2处理的堆肥品质显著提高,其腐殖化率、胡富比和胡敏酸百分比分别为51.64%、2.72和73.39%,显著高于T1和T3处理(P<0.05)。RDA和相关性分析结果表明,木质素和纤维素的降解与堆肥腐殖化指标呈显著负相关性(P<0.05),木质过氧化物酶和锰过氧化物酶活性与木质素和纤维素含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。因此,在堆肥降温期接种黄孢原毛平革菌通过提高木质过氧化物酶和锰过氧化物酶活性,促进了木质素和纤维素的深度降解,从而强化堆肥的腐殖化过程,提高了堆肥品质。In the process of rice processing,a large amount of agricultural organic solid waste(e.g.,rice husk)is produced,and com posting is an effective way to realize resource utilization of rice husk.However,lignin in rice husk has a complex structure and is not easy to be degraded,and the high content of lignin limits the composting of rice husk,and exogenous inoculation of Phanerochaete chrysosporium can accelerate the degradation of lignocellulose.However,the effect of inoculation of P.chrysosporium in different composting times on the humification process of rice husk composting is not clear.Therefore,in this study,rice husk and chicken ma-nure were used as raw materials,P.chrysosporium was inoculated in the 18^(th) day of composting(cooling stage of composting,T2),and 0 day of composting(T3,beginning of composting),for aerobic composting,with T1(no inoculation)as the control.By analyz-ing composting temperature,pH,C/N,seed germination rate,lignin peroxidase,manganese peroxidase,lignin content,cellulose con-tent and humus to explore the effect of inoculating P.chrysosporium at different composting times on the degradation of lignin and cellulose,the changes of key enzyme activities and their coupling with the process of humification,the promoting effect of inoculat-ing P.chrysosporium on composting humification was determined.The results showed that the lignin peroxidase(LiP)and man-ganese perosidase(MnP)activities,lignin and cellulose degradation rates and humification degree were significantly increased after P.chrysosporium inoculation during the cooling period(T2).At the end of composting,the cellulose content of T2 treatment decreased from 0.30 g∙g^(−1) of initial compost to 0.09 g∙g^(−1),and the lignin content decreased from 0.24 g∙g^(−1) of initial compost to 0.03 g∙g^(−1).Compared with T1,the contents of lignin and cellulose decreased by 78.57%and 52.63%(P<0.05)under T2 treatment,and 57.14%and 40.00%(P<0.05)under T3 treatment.T2 treatment increased the humus content by 67.84%and 52.33%(P<0.05

关 键 词：堆肥 黄孢原毛平革菌 接种时期 稻壳 鸡粪 腐殖化 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]