南城淮山脱毒苗培养及扦插繁种研究  

Study on Virus-free Seedling Culture and Cuttage Propagation of Tuber of Nancheng Huaishan

作　　者：王葡萄 孙静宇 单楠 朱强龙 肖遥 张宏玉[1,2] 陈欣 胡锐 黄英金 周庆红[1,2] WANG Putao;SUN Jingyu;SHAN Nan;ZHU Qianglong;XIAO Yao;Zhang Hongyu;CHEN Xin;HU Rui;HUANG Yingjin;ZHOU Qinghong(College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tuber and Root Plant Biology,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省薯芋生物学重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第4期832-840,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20192BBF60005,20201BBF61002)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究构建江西名优地方特色山药品种南城淮山脱毒快繁技术体系,为其健康种薯工厂化生产提供重要技术支撑。【方法】以南城淮山健壮植株茎蔓腋芽为外植体,采用组培技术进行茎尖脱毒和试管苗培养、利用RT-PCR技术对试管苗脱毒效果进行检测,并利用茎节微扦插和带叶茎节扦插技术开展脱毒苗增殖及快繁种薯研究。【结果】剥取南城淮山茎蔓腋芽0.2~0.3 mm的茎尖接种于MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA培养基中成苗率达80%;利用RT-PCR技术对试管苗进行病毒检测,表明茎尖培养能够有效脱除日本山药花叶病毒(JYMV)、马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)和马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒(PSTVD);脱毒试管苗茎节微扦插增殖的最佳培养基为:MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA,在培养基中添加1.5 g/L活性炭(AC)后,可有效抑制试管苗褐化;试管苗移栽30 d后,剪取移栽苗带叶茎节并蘸取100 mg/L NAA溶液进行扦插,扦插苗7 d生根率达96.7%,120 d所结种薯平均质量为28.09 g,符合生产用种标准。【结论】茎尖培养可有效脱除南城淮山植株多种病毒,结合微扦插和带叶茎节扦插技术,可实现南城淮山脱毒苗和健康种薯的快速繁育。[Objective]This study aims to construct the virus-free and rapid propagation technology system of the local well-known yam of Nancheng Huaihsan(Dioscorea opposita)in Jiangxi province,thus provide important technical support for the factory production of the vigorous tubers.[Method]Taking the axillary buds of vines of healthy and robust Nancheng Huaishan as experimental material,this study implemented the detoxification of shoot tip and cultivation of seedlings in vitro by tissue culture technique,.In addition,RT-PCR was adopted to detect the virus-free effect of test tube seedlings,and the microcuttings of stem node and cuttings of stem node with leaves were used for the proliferation of virus-free seedlings and rapid propagation of tubers with.[Result]The results showed that the seedling survival rate reached 80% of 0.2-0.3 mm shoot tips of vines auxillary bud of Nancheng Huaishan yam with inoculation on the medium of MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA,and RT-PCR detection indicated that Japanese yam mosaic virus(JYMV),potato virus Y(PVY)and potato spindle tuber-like virus(PSTVD)could be eliminated effectively from test-tube plantlets.In addition,the optimal medium for the micro-cuttage of stem node of virus-free seedlings was MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+30 g/L sucrose+6.5 g/L agar.The browning reaction of virus-free seedlings could be inhibited effectively by adding 1.5 g/L activated carbon on medium.After 30 days of transplanting,the stem node with one leaf as cutting dipped in 100 mg/L NAA solution 1 hour was used for propagation of seed tubers.The rooting rate of cuttings was 96.7% 7 d later,and the average weight of seed tubers was 28.09 g 120 d after cutting,and the tubers could be used as seed tuber for production.[Conclusion]Stem tip culture could effectively remove multiplex viruses from plants of Nancheng Huaishan yam,and the combination of microcuttings and the cuttings of stem node could rapidily propagate the virus-free seedlings and vigorous tubers.

关 键 词：南城淮山 茎尖脱毒培养 病毒检测 微扦插 种薯快繁 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]