不同始温浸种对圆齿野鸦椿休眠种子萌发特性的影响研究  

Effects of Soaking Seeds at Different Initial Temperatures on Germination Characteristics of Euscaphis konishii Dormant Seeds

作　　者：阳先波 姜雪茹 吴慧平 冉芳 涂淑萍[1] 蔡军火[1] 张隆 YANG Xianbo;JIANG Xueru;WU Huiping;RAN Fang;TU Shuping;CAI Junhuo;ZHANG Long(College of Landscape and Art,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第4期929-937,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960327);江西省自然科学基金(20212BAB215014)。

摘　　要：【目的】圆齿野鸦椿种子具深休眠特性,自然层积需第3年方能萌发。探究缩短其种子休眠时间和促进萌发的最佳水温浸种处理方法及其影响原因,以期为圆齿野鸦椿种苗的高效繁育提供依据。【方法】以自然层积120 d的圆齿野鸦椿种子为实验材料,进行始温25(CK),50,60,70,80℃浸种处理,测定圆齿野鸦椿种子在各浸种处理下发芽率、生活力、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量、抗氧化酶活性及内含抑制物的变化,并将各项生理指标与萌发率和生活力进行相关性分析。【结果】(1)50℃始温浸种下圆齿野鸦椿的发芽率最高(43.33%±6.29%)且对种子生活力无损害,但无法打破所有具生活力种子的休眠,60℃始温浸种发芽率次之(25.56%±3.63%),而70℃、80℃始温浸种下发芽率和活力均为零。(2)50℃始温热水浸种处理6 h时,种子内3种抗氧化酶活性均明显升高,在浸种的24 h内,种子内可溶性蛋白含量无明显变化,可溶性糖含量随着时间持续下降。(3)浸种过程中的相关性分析表明,在浸种处理的6 h时,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性与萌发率呈显著正相关,在24 h时,可溶性蛋白含量与生活力呈极显著的负相关,过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与生活力呈显著正相关。(4)与纯水处理相比,热水处理后的圆齿野鸦椿种子浸泡液显著降低了白菜种子的发芽率,却显著促进了白菜幼苗根、茎的伸长。【结论】50℃热水浸种处理对圆齿野鸦椿休眠种子的萌发促进效果最好,这可能与种子内抑制物外泄和抗氧化酶活性的提高有关,可作为圆齿野鸦椿种子催芽的一种方法。[Objective]The seeds of Euscaphis konishii have deep dormancy characteristic.It usually takes450 days for the seeds to germinate in the natural stratification.This study intends to explore the optimal water temperature soaking treatment and the underlying reasons which could explain the shortening of the dormancy time,hoping to provide the basis for the high efficient breeding of the seed.[Method]The seeds with natural stratification for 120 days were soaked at hot water with initial temperature of 25 ℃(CK),50 ℃,60 ℃,70 ℃and 80 ℃.The germination rate,viability,soluble sugar,soluble protein contents,antioxidant enzyme activities and contained inhibitors were determined under the above-mentioned soaking treatments. The correlation between the physiological indexes,germination rate and viability was analyzed.[Result](1)The germination rate of seeds soaked at the initial temperature of 50 ℃ was the highest(43.33±6.29%)and there was no harm to seed viability.However,the treatment could not break the dormancy of all viable seeds.The germination rate of seeds soaked at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ ranked the second(25.56±3.63%),while the germination rate and vigor of seed soaking at 70 ℃ and 80 ℃ were zero.(2)When the seeds were soaked in the initial temperature of 50 ℃ for 6 hours,the three antioxidant enzyme activities in the seeds were significantly increased.Within 24 hours of the soaking,the soluble protein content in the seeds did not change significantly,and the soluble sugar content continued to decrease with time.(3)Correlation analysis during the seed soaking process showed that catalase(CAT)activity and germination rate were in a significant positive correlation at 6 h of seed soaking treatment,and soluble protein content was in a significant negative correlation with viability at24 h,peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were in a significant positivecorrelation with vitality.(4)Compared with pure water treatment,the Euscaphis konishii seed soaking solution significantly

关 键 词：圆齿野鸦椿 种子休眠 浸种温度 萌发 抑制物活性 

分 类 号：S330.33[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S686[农业科学—农艺学]