外源多元醇对盐胁迫下甜瓜幼苗生长和离子平衡的影响  

Effects of exogenous polyols on the growth and ion balance of muskmelon seedlings under salt stress

作　　者：李琴[1] 苏利荣[1] 曾成城 秦芳[1] 苏天明[1] LI Qin;SU Li-rong;ZENG Cheng-cheng;QIN Fang;SU Tian-ming(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning Guangxi 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第7期114-120,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：广西农业科学院基本业务专项(桂农科2017JM05);广西农科院稳定资助科研团队项目(桂农科2021YT041)。

摘　　要：为了探讨外源甘露醇和山梨醇对盐胁迫下甜瓜幼苗生长和离子平衡的影响,以甜瓜‘桂蜜12号’为试验材料,以Hoagland营养液为培养液进行沙培(CK0),采用100 mmol/L NaCl模拟盐胁迫(CK1),然后添加不同浓度的甘露醇和山梨醇,观察不同处理的甜瓜幼苗生长情况和离子平衡变化。结果表明,在100 mmol/L NaCl盐胁迫(CK1)下,与对照(CK0)相比,甜瓜幼苗根系鲜质量、干质量、根总长度、根表面积以及根体积显著下降,K^(+)/Na^(+)、Ca^(^(2^(+)))/Na^(+)、Mg^(2^(+))/Na^(+)显著降低。添加0.4 mmol/L的甘露醇,可显著增加甜瓜幼苗茎叶部Ca^(^(2^(+)))、Mg^(2^(+))含量,而不增加Na^(+)含量,不降低K^(+)含量;显著提高Mg^(2^(+))/Na^(+),而Ca^(^(2^(+)))/Na^(+)及K^(+)/Na^(+)则与CK1持平。添加0.4 mmol/L的山梨醇显著提高地上部鲜重、幼苗根长、根表面积和根体积,显著降低盐胁迫甜瓜幼苗的Na^(+)含量,提高Ca^(^(2^(+)))、Mg^(2^(+))含量,显著提高Mg^(2^(+))/Na^(+)、K^(+)/Na^(+)、Ca^(^(2^(+)))/Na^(+)。上述结果表明,适宜浓度的山梨醇和甘露醇可以缓解盐胁迫对甜瓜幼苗的伤害。在试验条件下,缓解盐胁迫对甜瓜幼苗根系及离子平衡影响的最适处理是添加0.4 mmol/L的山梨醇。To explore the influence of applying exogenous mannitol and sorbitol on muskmelon seedling growth and ion balance under salt stress,the study chose muskmelon‘guimi 12’as test materials and sand culture with Hoagland nutrient solution(CK0).100 mmol/L NaCl was used to simulate salt stress(CK1),and different concentration of mannitol and sorbitol were added.The processing of melon seedling growth and the change of ion balance were observed.The results showed that under 100 mmol/L NaCl stress(CK1),compared with CK0,the underground fresh weight,dry weight,total root length,root surface area,root volume,K^(+)/Na^(+),Ca^(2^(+))/Na^(+)and Mg2^(+)/Na^(+)of muskmelon seedlings decreased significantly.Addition of 0.4 mmol/L mannitol significantly increased the concentration of Ca^(2^(+))and Mg2^(+)in the stem and leaves of muskmelon seedlings,but did not increase the concentration of Na^(+)and did not decrease the concentration of K^(+).The ratio of Mg2^(+)/Na^(+)was significantly increased,while the ratio of Ca^(2^(+))/Na^(+)and K^(+)/Na^(+)were about the same as CK1.Addition of 0.4 mmol/L sorbitol significantly increased the overground fresh weight,the root length,root surface area,root volume,of muskmelon seedling,but significantly decreased the concentration of Na^(+),increased the Ca^(2^(+))and Mg2^(+)concentration,and the ratios of Mg2^(+)/Na^(+),K^(+)/Na^(+)and Ca^(2^(+))/Na^(+)in muskmelon seedlings under salt stress were increased.These results indicated that appropriate concentrations of sorbitol and mannitol could alleviate the damage of salt stress to muskmelon seedlings.Under experimental conditions,0.4 mmol/L sorbitol was the best treatment to alleviate the effects of salt stress on root and ion balance of melon seedlings.

关 键 词：甜瓜 盐胁迫 甘露醇 山梨醇 离子平衡 根系 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]