《海洋环境保护法》排污总量控制制度的运行研究  

Improving Total Quantity Control of Marine Pollutant Discharge in Marine Environmental Protection Law

作　　者：徐祥民[1] 贺蓉[1] 于铭[1] XU Xiangmin(School of Law,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《河海大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第4期99-106,136,137,共10页Journal of Hohai University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(16YJC820043)。

摘　　要：污染物排放总量控制制度是我国《海洋环境保护法》率先采用的制度,但该法中的总量控制制度无论是在法律规范层面还是在法律实施层面都没有成为实际运行的环境保护法律制度。修改《海洋环境保护法》应当使总量控制从宣言变成活的制度,即具有运行功能的污染物排放总行为控制制度。要赋予该制度运行能力,《海洋环境保护法》修改须建立海洋环境质量目标制度,对确定海洋环境质量目标的主体、确定许可排放总量的主体、分解许可排放总量的主体做出明确规定,对总量控制制度的实施与其他相关法律的关系、排污总量控制制度与排污许可制度之间的关系做出明确规定。Total quantity control of marine pollutant discharge has been adopted by China’s Marine Environmental Protection Law.However,it hasn’t become a system in operation,no matter judged as a legal norm or as a practical system.During the revision of Marine Environmental Protection Law,it is necessary to revise the system to focus on the behavior control of total pollutant discharge.To support this revision,it is necessary to establish the marine environmental quality targets which could serve as the basis to determine the total quantity that should be controlled or permitted.The revised law should identify the responsible department that determines the total quantity and allocates the total quantity,clarify the relationship between the system of total quantity control and the system of discharge permit,and coordinate the implementation of total quantity control with other relevant laws.

关 键 词：海洋环境保护法 总量控制制度 环境质量目标 排污许可 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]