微生物肥对永春芦柑品质及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Microbial Fertilizer on Quality of Yongchun Ponkan and Soil Nutrients

作　　者：唐易 王明元[1] 周钰皓 方向阳 王晓雅 赵爱玉 张秋菊 潘建东 TANG Yi;WANG Mingyuan;ZHOU Yuhao;FANG Xiangyang;WANG Xiaoya;ZHAO Aiyu;ZHANG Qiuju;PAN Jiandong(Institute of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China;Yongchun Xingmao Tea,Fruit and Vegetable Professional Cooperative,Quanzhou 362608,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学园艺科学与工程研究所,福建厦门361021 [2]永春县兴茂茶果蔬专业合作社,福建泉州362608

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期643-649,共7页Journal of Huaqiao University(Natural Science)

基　　金：农业部“948”重点项目子课题(2011-G16(4));福建省科技厅星火项目(2021S0049);福建省泉州市科技计划项目(2021N047)。

摘　　要：为研究微生物肥取代传统复合肥对永春芦柑品质及土壤养分的影响,选择2015年种植、树体长势一致、立地条件接近的果树,处理组施用微生物液体肥料,对照组施用等量氮、磷、钾复合肥料,于芦柑成熟期采集果实和土壤样品进行检测分析.试验结果表明:施加微生物肥有助于促进芦柑果实着色,综合色泽指数降低15.0%~52.7%;与对照组相比,处理组下部、内堂果实产量增加,单果质量提高3.3%~4.4%;果形指数略微降低,果实更扁圆;芦柑耐贮藏能力提高,果实硬度和果皮厚度分别增加1.3%~3.8%和0.2%~17.2%;果实可滴定酸质量分数降低17.3%~33.2%,固酸比提高21.7%~42.2%;上部果实维生素C质量比提升23.2%,其余部位差异不明显;土壤养分水平有明显提升,速效钾和有机质质量比分别提高13.4%~19.4%和2.0%~47.0%,除土层深度0~20 cm的土壤外,其余深度土壤的有效磷质量比提升42.4%~187.9%.In order to study the effect of microbial fertilizer replacing traditional compound fertilizer on the quality and soil nutrients of Yongchun Ponkan,the fruit trees planted in 2015 with consistent tree growth and similar site conditions were selected.The treatment group was applied with microbial liquid fertilizer,and the control group was applied with equal amounts of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer.Fruits and soil samples were collected at maturity stage of Ponkan for detection and analysis.The test results showed that the application of microbial fertilizer could promote the coloration of Ponkan fruits,and the comprehensive color index decreased by 15.0%52.7%.Compared with the control group,the fruit yield of lower and inner part in the treatment group increased,and the single fruit mass increased by 3.3%4.4%.The shape index of fruits was slightly lower,and the fruits was more oblate.The storage tolerance of Ponkan improved,and fruit hardness and peel thickness increased by 1.3%3.8%and 0.2%17.2%,respectively.The titratable acid mass fraction of fruits decreased by 17.3%33.2%,and the solid acid ratio increased by 21.7%42.2%.The vitamin C quality ratio of upper fruit increased by 23.2%,but the difference of other parts was not obvious.The soil nutrient level improved significantly,the mass ratio of available potassium and organic matter increased by 13.4%19.4%and 2.0%47.0%,respectively.Except for the soil with the depth of 020 cm,the mass ratio of available phosphorus in other depths increased by 42.4%187.9%.

关 键 词：芦柑 微生物肥 果实品质 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S666.062[农业科学—果树学] S144[农业科学—园艺学]