草莓枯萎病拮抗菌JM-3的鉴定及生防效果评价  

Antagonistic Bacterium JM-3 Against Strawberry Fusarium Wilt:Identification and Bio-control Efficacy

作　　者：姜莉莉 孙守民 杨帅 武冲[1] 孙瑞红[1] JIANG Lili;SUN Shoumin;YANG Shuai;WU Chong;SUN Ruihong(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Tai’an 271000,Shandong,China;Plant Protection College,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000 [2]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《农学学报》2022年第7期26-32,共7页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金“草莓枯萎病拮抗菌JM-3修复草莓连作土壤的生态机理”(ZR2019PC013)。

摘　　要：为明确草莓枯萎病拮抗菌JM-3的分类地位,并评价其防治效果,本研究通过生理生化分析、16S rDNA、gyrA和gyrB基因序列比对进行菌种鉴定,同时采用抑菌活性测定、盆栽和田间防效试验评价其生防效果。结果表明,生防菌JM-3属于贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis,其对草莓枯萎病菌的平板对峙抑制率为57.42%。盆栽试验发现,处理后90天,拮抗菌JM-3固体制剂对草莓枯萎病病情指数的防效为83.02%,高于菌液和多菌灵处理,表明固体制剂的持效性较高。田间试验结果趋势与其基本一致。生防菌JM-3液体和固体制剂处理的果实糖酸比分别为8.88和8.90,显著高于多菌灵处理和对照。可见拮抗菌JM-3对草莓枯萎病具有较高的生防效果,且有助于提升草莓品质,具有较好的应用前景。The objective is to clarify the taxonomic status of the antagonistic bacterium JM-3 against strawberry Fusarium wilt,and evaluate its control effect.The bacterium was identified through physiological and biochemical analysis and sequence alignment of 16S rRNA,gyrA and gyrB genes.Meanwhile,its biocontrol effects were evaluated by antimicrobial activity,pot and field control efficiency test.Results show that the bio-control bacterium JM-3 is Bacillus velezensis,and its inhibition rate of plate confrontation to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Fragariae is 57.42%.Pot experiment shows that,90 d after treatment,the control effect of biocontrol bacterium JM-3 solid preparation on disease index of strawberry Fusarium wilt is 83.02%,higher than that of liquid preparation and carbendazim treatment,indicating the higher persistence of solid preparation.The result trend of field experiment is basically consistent with that of pot experiment.Sugar-acid ratio of strawberry fruit treated with liquid and solid preparation of bio-control bacterium JM-3 is 8.88 and 8.90 respectively,significantly higher than that of carbendazim treatment and CK.The experiment indicates that antagonistic bacterium JM-3 has excellent bio-control effect on strawberry Fusarium wilt,is helpful to improve strawberry fruit quality,and exhibits a good application prospect.

关 键 词：草莓 枯萎病菌 生防菌 防效 果实品质 

分 类 号：S436.639[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]