磷石膏与石灰石粉配施对新垦红壤耕地的改良效果  

Improvement Effect of Combined Application of Phosphogypsum and Limestone Powder on Newly Cultivated Red Soil

作　　者：严建立 章明奎[2] 王道泽[3] YAN Jianli;ZHANG Mingkui;WANG Daoze(Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,Zhejiang,China;College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China;Hangzhou Plant Protection and Soil-fertilizer Station,Hangzhou 310020,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,杭州310024 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058 [3]杭州市植保土肥总站,杭州310020

出　　处：《农学学报》2022年第7期33-37,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目“丘陵山地垦造耕地地力快速协调提升关键技术研究与应用”(2019C02035);国家科技支撑计划课题“东南城郊环保型集约化生态高值农业模式研究与示范”(2014BAD14B04)。

摘　　要：新垦红壤耕地兼具有强酸与养分贫瘠等多种缺陷,需要采取多种措施加以改良。为了解磷石膏与石灰石粉配施对新垦红壤耕地降酸与增加矿质养分的作用,以新垦黄筋泥为研究对象,设计磷石膏、石灰石粉不同用量及其组合的盆栽试验,研究不同改良剂处理对土壤酸度、有效养分及作物生长的影响。结果表明,磷石膏和石灰石粉对土壤具有明显的降酸与增加有效钙的作用,其效果随用量增加而增加;等质量施用条件下,单施石灰石粉、磷石膏与石灰石粉配施对土壤的降酸效果高于单施磷石膏。在改善土壤矿物养分、物理性状和蔬菜生长方面,磷石膏与石灰石粉配施和单施磷石膏的效果高于单施石灰石粉。在试验条件下,施用磷石膏没有明显增加土壤中重金属的积累,且因土壤pH的提高蔬菜中Cd、Cr、Pb含量有所下降,但As含量呈轻微增加,对蔬菜中其他重金属积累的影响不明显。研究认为,对于酸化明显和养分低下的新垦红壤可采用磷石膏与石灰石粉配施替代单独施用石灰石粉加以改良,但应适当控制磷石膏施用量。Newly cultivated red soil has many defects,such as strong acid and poor nutrient content,and needs to be improved by many measures.To understand the effect of phosphogypsum and limestone powder on reducing acidity and increasing mineral nutrients in the newly cultivated red soil,a pot experiment was designed to study the effect of applying different amounts and combinations of phosphogypsum and limestone powder on soil acidity,available nutrients and crop growth.The results showed that both phosphogypsum and limestone powder could significantly reduce soil acidity and increase soil available calcium,and the effect increased with the increasing dosage of amendments.Under the condition of equal mass application of the amendments,the effect of the single application of limestone powder or the combined application of phosphogypsum and limestone powder on the reduction of soil acidity was higher than that of the single application of phosphogypsum.The effects of the combined application of phosphogypsum and limestone powder or single application of phosphogypsum on the improvement of soil mineral nutrients,physical properties and vegetable growth were higher than those of single application of limestone powder.Under the experimental condition,the application of phosphogypsum did not significantly increase the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil,and the content of Cd,Cr and Pb in vegetables decreased due to the increase of soil pH,but the content of As increased slightly,which had no obvious effect on the accumulation of other heavy metals in vegetables.The results showed that the newly cultivated red soil with obvious acidification and low nutrients could be improved by the combined application of phosphogypsum and limestone powder instead of limestone powder alone,but the application amount of phosphogypsum should be controlled properly.

关 键 词：新垦红壤 磷石膏 石灰石粉 酸度 养分 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]