报春花科3种植物对青藏高原适应性进化的转录组学研究  

Transcriptomic Investigation into Adaptive Evolution to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau of Three Species in the Family Primulaceae

作　　者：郝豆豆 张勇群 施静 拉多[2] 雷鸣 HAO Dou-dou;ZHANG Yong-qun;SHI Jing;LHA Duo;LEI Ming(Molecular Medical Laboratory,Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Xizang Autonomous Region,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,P.R.China;Xizang Plateau Institute of Biology,Lhasa Xizang 850001,P.R.China;College of Science,Xizang University,Lhasa Xizang 850012,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院,四川成都610041 [2]西藏大学,西藏拉萨850001 [3]青藏高原生物研究所,西藏拉萨850012

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2022年第4期141-147,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院院级项目(2019-YJ-12)。

摘　　要：白粉圆叶报春、柔小粉报春和禾叶点地梅是近缘物种,它们生长在海拔3800 m以上的青藏高原(QTP),并在恶劣的高海拔环境中生存良好。为探索这3种植物适应高海拔的分子遗传机制,通过高通量RNA测序获得`3个物种的转录组数据,OrthoMCL分析鉴定转录数据中的单拷贝同源基因,并进行选择压力分析和功能鉴定。结果显示:对测序数据进行质控后一共获得145269464个有效片段;OrthoMCL分析鉴定了3个物种中2151个包含单拷贝基因的同源正交群;选择压力分析表明,有827个同源单拷贝基因受到了显著正向选择;基因功能分类分析发现受到正向选择的109个基因参与了代谢、遗传以及生物学调控和应激反应。本研究表明:基于转录组测序筛选出的候选的同源单拷贝基因功能注释结果显示与DNA损伤修复、次生代谢、能量合成与转换等过程相关,这些同源单拷贝基因在3种植物应对高原低压低氧、强紫外线辐射、稀有资源、强烈的气候波动过程中产生至关重要的作用。Primula littledalei,Primula pumilio and Androsace graminifolia are closely related plants that grow in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau above 3800 meters above sea level,and they live well in the harsh high-altitude environment.Through transcriptome sequencing,the molecular genetic mechanism of these three plants adapting to high altitude was discussed.We obtained the transcriptome data of three species by high-throughput sequencing.OrthoMCL analysis was used to identify the single copy homologous genes in the transcriptome data,and selective pressure analysis and functional identification were performed.After quality control of sequencing data,145269464 effective fragments were obtained.OrthoMCL analysis identified 2151 homologous orthogonal groups containing a single copy of gene in three species.The pressure analysis showed that 827 homologous single copy genes were significantly positively selected.Gene function classification analysis found that 109 genes that were positively selected were involved in metabolism,inheritance,biological regulation and stress response.The functional annotation results of the candidate homologous single-copy genes selected based on transcriptome sequencing show that they are related to DNA damage repair,secondary metabolism,energy synthesis and conversion,etc.These homologous single-copy genes play a vital role in coping with plateau low pressure and low oxygen,strong ultraviolet radiation,rare resources,and strong climate fluctuation.

关 键 词：报春花科 适应性进化 极端环境 转录组测序 

分 类 号：Q949.773.2[生物学—植物学]