个体与类——主谓式语句的逻辑关系  

Analysis on Logic Relation in Subject-predicate Sentence Pattern:Individual and Genre

作　　者：孔红[1] KONG Hong

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学人文学院,北京100088

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第5期28-37,I0002,共11页Journal of Hubei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“人与人工智能‘价值共同体’理念构建中的算法价值与价值算法研究”(20BZX016)。

摘　　要：弗雷格在语言分析的过程中发现了原子句。弗雷格认为主谓句中的基本逻辑关系是一个对象处于一个概念之下的关系,由此他提出了一个新的概念理论。现代逻辑语义学的发展表明,个体与类之间的关系是主谓句的基本逻辑关系。弗雷格的概念理论存在一些问题,这些问题可以通过重新解释概念词、概念词的涵义和意谓得到解决。对概念词涵义和意谓新的解释也表明个体与类的关系是主谓句中的基本逻辑关系。传统逻辑直接依赖于自然语言的表层语法,弗雷格创立的现代逻辑则透过句子的表层语法揭示出句子的深层语法结构,对句子结构作了更为严密、精确的处理。由此可以看出现代逻辑与语言分析的内在联系,以及弗雷格逻辑句法在哲学分析中所起的重要作用。Frege discovered the form of atomic sentences in the process of linguistic analysis.He believed that the basic logical relationship in subject-predicate sentences is the relation between an object and a concept,and proposed a new theory of concept.The development of semantics in modern logic shows that the relation between individuals and classes is the basic logical relationship in subject-predicate sentences.There are some problems with Frege’s concept theory that can be solved by reinterpreting the meaning and denoting of conceptual words,and it also proves that the relation between individuals and classes is the basic logical relationship in subject-predicate sentences.The traditional logic directly depends on the surface grammar in natural languages,while the modern logic created by Frege reveals the deep grammatical structure of sentences through the surface grammar of sentences,and makes a more rigorous and accurate treatment of sentence structures.Thus we can see the intrinsic connection between modern logic and linguistic analysis,and the important role Fregean logic syntax plays in philosophical analysis.

关 键 词：概念 个体 类 主谓句 逻辑句法 分析哲学 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]