务工与电商:乡村“数字化家计”的形成  

Workers and E-Commerce:Formation of Rural“Digital Livelihood”

作　　者：夏当英[1] 辛昌泽 XIA Dang-ying;XING Chang-ze(School of Sociology and Political Science,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学社会与政治学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期11-22,共12页Journal of South China Agricultural University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21ZDA057)。

摘　　要：在乡村向城市的人口转移中,乡村家庭主要体现为离散型家庭结构,并形成了“半工半耕”的家计模式。农村青壮年劳动力返乡创业,乡村出现扎根型家庭结构,在家计上主要为就近务工或经商模式。国家助力“数字乡村建设”,为乡村振兴和小农家计的转变带来新的契机,基于电商业的数字化家计模式逐渐兴起。数字化家计主要以有丰富务工经验的返乡创业青壮年为主导,其初步成功得益于国家政策、亲代奉献及各种社会强弱关系的作用。在一些不发达地区,数字化家计尚在起步阶段,农户如能够合理运用人力资本、社会网络、务工经验,并且相关制度能够切实落地与嵌入得当,数字化家计将对优化家庭和村庄结构有着积极的意义。In the population transfer process,rural families are mainly in the discrete family structure,and form“half work and half farming”family livelihood model.In recent years,young and middle-aged labors have returned home to start their own businesses and there are root-based family structure and family livelihood are mainly models of neighborhood working and conducting business.Now the state-assisted“digital rural construction”has brought new opportunities for rural revitalization and the transformation of small-scale rural livelihood,especially the digital livelihood model based on electronic commerce.The digital livelihood is dominated by young labors returning home to start entrepreneurs,whose success was achieved with their rich working experiences,parental dedication and kinds of social relations.In underdeveloped area,digital livelihood is still in its infancy.If farmers can reasonably use human capital,social network,working experiences,and if relevant systems can be effectively implemented and embedded properly,digital livelihood will have a positive significance for optimizing the family and village structure.

关 键 词：数字乡村建设 数字化家计 家计模式 乡村振兴 

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