多金属矿区周边土壤重金属污染及风险评价  

Heavy Metal Pollution and Risk Assessment of Soil around Polymetallic Mining Area

作　　者：操院丹 曹玉红[1] 余代良 CAO Yuan-dan;CAO Yu-hong;YU Dai-liang(School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期338-344,共7页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971175);2021年安徽省大学生创新创业计划项目(S202110370063).

摘　　要：多金属矿区周边土壤重金属污染在造成生态退化的同时也威胁到周边居民的人体健康,为了解多金属矿区周边土壤重金属污染及其生态风险,对铜陵宝山陶多金属矿区进行土壤重金属污染评价及生态风险评价。结果表明,研究区5种土壤重金属Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr的平均含量在矿山区分别为3.53、317.04、617.39、475.29、106.01mg/kg,在居民区分别为3.38、199.74、105.52、279.18、74.76mg/kg,研究区内矿山区与居民区5种土壤重金属元素的内梅罗综合污染指数平均值分别为11.18和5.55,均呈重度污染,相比较而言,矿山区污染程度要明显高于居民区。地积累指数结果表明,Cr污染程度最轻微,其余4种重金属都呈较高的污染情况,其中Cd污染程度最重,Cd在矿山区与居民区呈中度污染及以上的受试土壤分别占85%和60%,另有10%的矿山区受试土壤Cu元素污染达到强-极强污染,应引起重视。矿山区土壤综合潜在生态风险值为411.33,呈强生态风险,居民区土壤综合潜在生态风险值为239.93,呈中等生态风险,从单项潜在生态风险来看,Cd、Pb、Cu元素的生态风险高于Zn和Cr元素。综合初步判定Cd、Cu与Pb为宝山陶多金属矿区土壤重金属污染治理和修复的优先控制对象。Soil heavy metal pollution around polymetallic mining area not only causes ecological degradation but also threatens the health of surrounding residents.In order to understand soil heavy metal pollution around polymetallic mining area and its ecological risk,this study conducted soil heavy metal pollution assessment and ecological risk assessment in Baoshantao polymetallic mining area of Tongling.The results showed that the average contents of Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn and Cr in the soil of the study area were 3.53,317.04,617.39,475.29 and 106.01mg/kg,respectively.In residential areas,Cd pollution was 3.38,199.74,105.52,279.18,74.76mg/kg,respectively.The mean values of Nemerow comprehensive pollution index of 5 heavy metal elements in soil of mining area and residential area in the study area were 11.18 and 5.55,respectively,indicating heavy pollution.Comparatively speaking,the pollution degree of mining area was significantly higher than that of residential area.The results of geoaccumulation index showed that,except Cr,the other four heavy metals were highly polluted.85%and 60%of the tested soils were moderately polluted with Cd in mining areas and residential areas,respectively.10%of the tested soils were strongly polluted with Cu,which should be paid more attention to.The comprehensive potential ecological risk RI of soil in mining area was 411.33,presenting strong ecological risk,while that of soil in residential area was 239.93,presenting moderate ecological risk.From the perspective of individual potential ecological risk,the ecological risk of Cd,Pb and Cu elements was higher than that of Zn and Cr elements.It is determined that Cd,Cu and Pb are the priority control objects for soil heavy metal pollution control and remediation in Baoshantao polymetallic mining area.

关 键 词：多金属矿区 土壤重金属污染 生态风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]