磁性聚硅酸铝锌-壳聚糖复合絮凝剂的制备及其絮凝性能研究  

Preparation and Application of Magnetic Polysilicate Aluminum Zinc-Chitosan Composite Flocculant

作　　者：马鸿鹤 张浩[1] 王润楠[1] 娄大伟[1] MA Honghe;ZHANG Hao;WANG Runnan;LOU Dawei(School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,Jilin 132022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林化工学院化学与制药工程学院,吉林吉林132022

出　　处：《吉林化工学院学报》2022年第5期36-42,共7页Journal of Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210201061GX);吉林省产业技术研究与开发项目(2020C028-1)。

摘　　要：絮凝是常用的污水处理方法,将磁性粒子引入到絮凝剂中可以提高污水处理的性能和沉淀物的分离效率.以Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米粒子、硅酸钠、硫酸铝、硫酸锌、壳聚糖为原料制备出无机高分子磁性聚硅酸铝锌-壳聚糖(Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS)复合絮凝剂,应用于以高岭土为原料制备的模拟水样.通过单因素试验优化了制备pH,Fe_(3)O_(4)投加量,铝和锌与硅的摩尔比,铝与锌的摩尔比,铝和锌与壳聚糖的质量比,确定了Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS絮凝剂的最佳制备条件.通过对Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS进行FTIR、XRD、TGA以及SEM分析测试,证明了Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS是一种Fe_(3)O_(4)与PSAZn-CTS紧密结合,并且表面呈无定形化的新型磁性复合聚合物.接着,通过单因素实验优化了絮凝剂投加量,模拟水样的pH,絮凝后沉降时间,得到Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS絮凝剂的最佳絮凝条件.最后,以最优条件处理吉林段松花江原水样,将其产生的絮凝物分离出来并进行烘干处理.向松花江原水样中投加50%烘干后的絮凝物和50%最佳投加量的初始絮凝剂进行磁性絮体重复利用实验,浊度去除率仍可达到95%以上.Flocculation is a common method of wastewater treatment. Introducing magnetic particles into flocculant could improve the performance of wastewater treatment and the separation efficiency of sediment.The inorganic polymer magnetic polysilicate aluminum zinc-chitosan( Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS) composite flocculant was prepared with Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles,sodium silicate,aluminum sulfate,zinc sulfate and chitosan as raw materials.It was applied to the simulated water sample prepared from kaolin.The pH,the dosage of Fe_(3)O_(4),the molar ratio of aluminum and zinc to silicon,the molar ratio of aluminum to zinc,and the mass ratio of aluminum and zinc to chitosan were optimized by single factor test,and the optimal preparation conditions of Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS flocculant were determined.Through FTIR,XRD,TGA and SEM analysis of Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS,it was proved that Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS was a new magnetic composite polymer with amorphous surface by Fe_(3)O_(4)and PSAZn-CTS closely bonded. Then,the dosage of flocculant,the p H of simulated water sample,the sedimentation time after flocculation were optimized by single factor experiment,and the optimal flocculation conditions of Fe_(3)O_(4)-PSAZn-CTS were obtained.Finally,the raw water sample of Songhua River in Jilin section was treated under the optimal conditions,and the flocculants were separated and dried.The magnetic floc reuse experiment was conducted by adding 50% dried flocculant and 50% optimal dosage of initial flocculant,and the turbidity removal rate could still reach more than 95%.

关 键 词：聚硅酸铝锌 磁性聚硅酸铝锌-壳聚糖 磁性复合絮凝剂 絮凝性能 重复利用 

分 类 号：X788[环境科学与工程—环境工程]