俄罗斯外来劳务移民发展的现状及影响  

Current situation and impact of foreign labor migration in Russia

作　　者：宋志芹 蒲晨晨 Song Zhiqin;Pu Chenchen(Southwest Petroleum University)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学外国语学院

出　　处：《欧亚人文研究（中俄文）》2022年第3期21-32,87,90,91,共15页Eurasian Humanities Studies

基　　金：西南石油大学人文社会科学科研专项基金项目“中亚国家间关系研究”(项目号:2018RW014)、西南石油大学智库(国际油气资源区语言文化研究中心)项目“中亚国家劳务移民问题研究”(项目号:YQWH2019001);四川省社科规划四川省高校外国语言文学学科建设与发展项目“俄罗斯非法移民问题研究”(项目号:SC21WY043)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：苏联解体后,在历史与现实等多重因素的影响下,俄罗斯成为后苏联地区劳务移民聚集的中心。本世纪初以来,俄罗斯外来劳务移民规模不断扩大,绝大多数来自独联体特别是中亚国家,且其中存在大量非法劳务移民。当前俄罗斯合法劳务移民主要有三种类型:持工作许可证的外来移民、持劳务特许证的外来移民、无须劳务许可的外来移民。外来劳务移民为俄罗斯社会经济发展做出了显著的贡献,但也从某种程度上对国家创新经济、安全稳定及社会团结带来一定的负面影响。After the disintegration of the Soviet Union,under the influence of multiple factors such as history and reality,Russia has become the center of attraction for labor migration in the post-Soviet area.Since the beginning of the 21st century,the scale of labor migration has kept increasing,with most migrants coming from CIS countries,especially from Central Asia,and there is a large number of illegal migrants among them.There are mainly three types of legal migrant workers in Russia:those who have a work permit,those who have a patent,and those who do not need a labor permit.Foreign labor immigrants have made remarkable contributions to the social and economic development of Russia.However,they have also exerted a negative impact on the country’s economic innovation,security,stability,and social unity to some extent.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 外来劳务移民 现状 影响 

分 类 号：F13[经济管理—世界经济] F17