优化水铁矿-腐殖酸复合材料对镉、铅污染土壤的稳定化  

Study on stabilization of soil contaminated with cadmium and lead by optimization of carbon and iron composites

作　　者：李杰[1,2,3] 赵转军 马翔邦[1,2,3] 韩亮威 林致远[1,2,3] 关姝琪 LI Jie;ZHAO Zhuanjun;MA Xiangbang;HAN Liangwei;LIN Zhiyuan;GUAN Shuqi(Key Laboratory of Western Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou,730000,China;Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control,Gansu Province,Lanzhou,730000,China;College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730000,China)

机构地区：[1]西部环境系统教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省环境污染预警与控制重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第8期2693-2702,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41771341)资助。

摘　　要：为解决土壤重金属污染问题,用高温改性腐殖酸制备出水铁矿-不溶性腐殖酸(Fh-IHA)复合材料,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)分析Fh-IHA的表面特性,结合田间稳定试验研究施加Fh-IHA对土壤pH,有机质(OM),铵态氮(A-N)、有效磷(A-P)、速效钾(A-K)和镉、铅形态的影响.结果表明,Fh-IHA表面粗糙、比表面积大、含有多种官能团,可通过表面络合、静电吸附结合镉、铅离子;稳定化修复后土壤pH轻微降低,有机质升高,铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾转变为缓效养分;稳定态镉、铅百分比含量分别升高22.1%—34.0%、15.6%—21.4%,且经90 d监测未出现活化现象.研究表明,Fh-IHA对土壤中重金属镉、铅稳定效果显著,可作为一种环境友好的土壤重金属污染修复材料.To solve contaminated soil by heavy metals,A synthesis of ferrihydrite-insoluble humic acid composite was prepared using high temperature modified humic acid and ferrihydrite.The composite was characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),specific surface area(BET),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR) to explore surface characteristics.The effects of introduced Fh-IHA to soil on soil pH,organic matter(OM),ammonium nitrogen(A-N),available phosphorus(A-P),available potassium(A-K),and speciation of cadmium and lead were researched combined with field plot test.The results discovered that Fh-IHA is featured with rough surface,large specific area and abundant functional groups,can complex with cadmium ions and lead ions by surface complexation and electrostatic absorption.After immobilization remediation,soil pH lowered,the content of organic matter increased,and A-N,AP,A-K were transformed to slow release fertilizers.The percentage of stable cadimium and stable lead in soil increased 22.1%—34.0% and 15.6%—21.4% respectively.Furtherly,the reactivation of cadmium and lead was not detected after 90 days of monitoring.The paper showed that Fh-IHA delivered superior results in immobilizing heavy metal ions,it can be used as an environmentfriendly materials for remediation for contaminated soil by heavy metals.

关 键 词：水铁矿 不溶性腐殖酸 镉、铅污染 土壤修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]