土壤有机碳组分和微生物群落对有机管理的响应  

Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Components and Microbial Communities to Organic Management

作　　者：韩兴秀 李勤奋[2,3] 王进闯 HAN Xingxiu;LI Qinfen;WANG Jinchuang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Environment and Plant Protection Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Ecological Circulating Agriculture Research Laboratory,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Danzhou National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Tropical Agroecosystems,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/海南省生态循环农业研究室,海南海口571101 [3]海南儋州热带农业生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第8期1728-1737,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30870616,No.32171771);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(No.16300412021023)。

摘　　要：土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)和微生物是土壤质量和健康变化的重要评价指标。为了探究热区不同的管理方式对茶园土壤有机碳组分和微生物群落组成的影响,本研究选取海南省白沙县有机茶园(organic tea plantations,OTP)和常规茶园(conventional tea plantations,CTP)作为研究对象,利用^(13)C-核磁共振(^(13)C-NMR)生物标记技术和磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)来研究不同管理模式下茶园土壤中有机碳化学组分和土壤微生物的群落组成的变化,明确有机管理和无机管理对土壤有机碳组分(烷基C、O-烷基C、芳香C和羧基C)和微生物群落组成的影响。结果显示:(1)与无机管理相比,有机管理显著改变了茶园土壤中养分含量。有机质(SOM)含量增加了47.86%,总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)含量分别增加了37.40%和100%(P<0.05)。硝态氮(NO3--N)含量显著增加了78.80%(P<0.05),总钾(TK)和速效钾(AK)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。(2)有机管理增加了茶园土壤中烷基C和O-烷基C的相对含量。同时,脂肪族C/芳香C的比值也高于无机管理茶园。(3)有机管理茶园土壤中的总磷脂脂肪酸含量(PLFAs)增加了29.70%(P<0.05),且细菌、G-和放线菌的磷脂脂肪酸的含量显著高于无机茶园(P<0.05)。(4)RDA分析表明,茶园土壤中的微生物群落结构主要受到土壤总氮(TN)、总钾(TK)、烷基C、O-烷基C和羧基C含量的影响(P<0.05)。(5)相关性分析结果显示,有机碳组分中烷基C与总微生物量、真菌、放线菌和菌根真菌含量均呈显著正相关关系。O-烷基C与微生物中真菌、细菌和真菌/细菌的比值也呈显著正相关关系。以上结果表明,对茶园有机管理能调节微生物群落结构,提高土壤有机碳的脂肪化程度,进而影响土壤有机碳的积累和周转机制。Soil organic carbon and microbial community structure are important evaluation indexes for soil quality and health changes.In order to explore the effects of different management models on soil organic carbon fractions and microbial community composition in tea plantations,two tea plantations management models including organic tea plantations(OTP) and conventional tea plantations(CTP) in Baisha County,Hainan Province were selected as the research objects.^(13)C-NMR and phospholipid fatty acids(PLFA) were used to explore the changes of soil organic carbon components and soil microbial community composition under different management models.The effects of organic and inorganic managemen tmodels on soil organic carbon fractions(alkyl C,O-alkyl C,aromatic C and carboxyl C) and microbial community composition were clarified.Compared with inorganic management model,organic management model significantly changed the nutrient content in tea plantations soil.The content of organic matter(SOM),total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) increased by 47.86 %,37.40 % and 100 %,respectively(P<0.05).The content of nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N) increased by 78.80 %(P<0.05),and the content of total potassium(TK) and available potassium(AK)decreased significantly(P<0.05).Organic management increased the relative content of alkyl C and O-alkyl C in tea garden soil.At the same time,the ratio of aliphatic C/aromatic C was higher than that of inorganic management tea garden.The total PLFAs content in the organic management tea plantation soil increased by 29.70 %(P<0.05),and the phospholipid fatty acid content of bacteria,G-and actinomycetes was significantly higher than that in inorganic tea garden soil(P<0.05).The RDA analysis revealed that soil TN,TK,alkyl C,O-alkyl C and carboxyl C were the main influencing factors driving for microbial community structure in tea garden(P<0.05).The correlation analysis results revealed that alkyl C of organic carbon fractions was significantly positively correlated with total PLFA,fungi,actinomycetes

关 键 词：有机管理 有机碳组分 土壤微生物群落 磷脂脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]