抗旱小麦新品种‘晋麦102号’的选育  

Breeding of New Wheat Variety’Jinmai102’for Drought Resistance

作　　者：刘莉 刘新月 张松令 卫云宗 Liu Li;Liu Xinyue;Zhang Songling;Wei Yunzong(Institute of Wheat Research,Shanxi Agriculture University,Linfen,041000)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学小麦研究所,临汾041000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第15期5036-5043,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0100602);山西省农科院生物育种工程项目(17yzgc009)共同资助。

摘　　要：针对山西省干旱缺雨,旱寒交迫和倒春寒严重的生态环境,山西农业大学小麦研究所以抗旱节水、高产优质为育种目标,通过水旱交叉生态选择、多环境多点鉴定等手段,利用分子标记辅助育种新技术,经系谱法选育出抗旱小麦新品种‘晋麦102号’。该品种检测到9个与水分高效利用紧密连锁的分子标记以及8个抗旱节水相关基因。2015-2017年在山西省南部旱地区域试验中,2年区试平均产量4776.75 kg/hm^(2);比对照品种‘晋麦47号’增产9.3%,‘晋麦102号’株高75 cm左右,有效穗数5.15×106hm^(-2),穗粒数30~35粒,千粒重38 g,该品种为冬性、早熟、抗寒、抗旱,高产、稳产、成熟落黄好,综合农艺性状优良,产量水平高,增产潜力大,适应性广,各项指标稳定。‘晋麦102号’于2017年通过山西省审定,该品种适宜于山西省南部中熟冬麦区旱地麦田大面积推广种植。本研究分析了‘晋麦102号’的育种策略,深入思考了山西省旱地小麦育种未来发展的方向,为培育突破性的旱地小麦新品种提供有益信息。In view of the ecological environment of drought and lack of rain and drought severe cold in late spring in Shanxi Province,the Institute of Wheat Research,Shanxi Agriculture University took drought resistance,water saving and high yield as the breeding objectives,new wheat variety‘Jinmai102’with drought resistance was bred by means of cross ecological selection between water and drought,multi-environment and multi-point identification,and molecular marker-assisted breeding technology.The variety detected 9 molecular markers closely linked to efficient water use and 8 drought-resistant and water-saving genes.The average yield of the two-year regional test was 4776.75 kg/hm^(2)in the dryland regional test in southern Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2017.Compared with the control variety‘Jinmai47’,the yield increased by 9.3%,plant height is 75 cm,effective panicle number is5.15×10^(6)hm^(-2),grain number per panicle is 30~35,and 1000-grain weight is 38 g.This variety is winter-resistant,early-maturing,cold-resistant,drought-resistant.It has excellent comprehensive agronomic traits,high yield level,high yield potential,wide adaptability,and stable indexes.‘Jinmai102’was examined and approved by Shanxi Crop Variety Certification Committee in 2017.It is suitable to be planted in the middle maturing dry land wheat field in the southern Shanxi province.This study analyzes breeding strategy of‘Jinmai102’and development direction of Shanxi dryland wheat bred,which will provide beneficial information for further varieties bred.

关 键 词：‘晋麦102号’ 品种选育 栽培技术 旱地小麦 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]