核桃||玉米间作对植物光合日变化、地上部及根系特性的影响  

Effects of Walnut||Maiz e Intercropping on Photosynthetic Day Changes,Overground Part and Root Characteristics of Plant

作　　者：苏康妮 马雨荷 廖晨宇 徐业勇[2] 王宝庆[2] 叶春秀 虎海防 Su Kangni;Ma Yuhe;Liao Chenyu;Xu Yeyong;Wang Baoqing;Ye Chunxiu;Hu Haifang(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjang Agricultural University,Urumqi,830052;Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi,830052;Long-term National Research Base of Jjamu Fruit Tree Science in Xinjiang,Aksu,843000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆林业科学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆佳木果树学国家长期科研基地,阿克苏843000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第15期5213-5220,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目(KY2019035)资助。

摘　　要：为了探究核桃||玉米间作对植物光合作用、地上部及根系特性的影响,本研究以新疆南疆主栽核桃(Juglans regia L.)品种‘温185’、‘新新2’和‘郑单958’玉米为试验材料,检测和分析不同间作模式下植物光合生理参数、玉米的生长发育情况和根系形态分布的差异。结果显示,‘温185’和‘新新2’核桃叶片的净光合速率日变化规律以及‘温185’和‘新新2’核桃分别间作玉米后叶片的净光合速率日变化规律均呈“双峰”曲线,但间作园‘温185’和‘新新2’净光合速率最高峰值均显著低于单作园。此外,‘新新2’间作玉米与‘新新2’单作间峰值和谷值差异高于‘温185’间作玉米与‘温185’单作间峰值和谷值差异。玉米叶片净光合速率日变化规律均呈“单峰”曲线,间作园内距离核桃树体西侧100 cm、150 cm处玉米净光合速率高于同方向50 cm、200 cm位点。单作玉米与间作玉米间株高、产量、根系分布差异显著,越靠近核桃树体受到的抑制越强。九年生核桃林内不适宜间作玉米,‘新新2’受到间作的影响略大于‘温185’,距离核桃树体100~150 cm栽植对玉米影响较小。本研究为核桃||玉米合理栽植、管理、调控间作模式和增产机制提供参考。To investigate the plant photosynthesis,shoot and influence of root characteristics of walnut|maize intercropping,this study in southern Xinjiang,Xinjiang’s main walnut(Juglans regia L.)varieties‘Wen185’,‘Xinxin2’and‘Zhengdan958’as experimental materials.The differences of plant photosynthetic physiological parameters,maize growth and root morphology distribution under different intercropping patterns were detected and analyzed.The results showed that the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate in leaves of‘Wen185’and‘Xinxin2’and the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate in leaves after intercropping of‘Wen185’and‘Xinxin2’walnut showed a double peak curve,but the highest values of net photosynthetic rate of‘Wen185’and‘Xinxin2’were significantly lower than those of monoculture.In addition,the difference of peak and valley value between intercropping maize and intercropping maize was higher than that between intercropping maize and intercropping maize.The daily variation of net photosynthetic rate of maize leaves showed"single peak"curve,and the net photosynthetic rate of maize was higher than 50、200 cm sites in the same direction at 100、150 cm from the west side of walnut tree.There were significant differences in plant height,yield and root distribution between single-cropping maize and intercropping maize.The influence of intercropping on nine-year-old walnut forest was slightly greater than that of‘Wen185’,and the effect of planting 100~150 cm from walnut tree had little effect on corn.This study provides a reference for reasonable planting,management,regulation and control of intercropping mechanism of increasing yield of walnut corn.

关 键 词：核桃 玉米 光合日变化 生长发育 根系 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S664.1