斯拉夫派与土壤派的文学论争——以阿克萨科夫兄弟为视角  

The Literary Debate between the Slavophiles and the Pochvenniks——From the Perspective of Aksakov Brothers

作　　者：陆尧 LU Yao(School of Foreign Languages,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215031,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学外国语学院,江苏苏州215031

出　　处：《中州大学学报》2022年第4期7-13,共7页Journal of Zhongzhou University

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“《俄国导报》研究(1856—1906)”(20AWW004)。

摘　　要：19世纪60年代,斯拉夫派与土壤派就“文学与知识分子”问题发生了激烈的争论。斯拉夫派的代表伊万·阿克萨科夫和康斯坦丁·阿克萨科夫指责现有文学创作内容过于空洞、创作者态度虚伪;而陀思妥耶夫斯基站在土壤派的角度,对这两点进行辩护。双方就此展开了长达两年的文学论争。目前,学术界对陀思妥耶夫斯基及其立场研究颇多,但对这场论争的发起者——阿克萨科夫兄弟及其思想却关注甚少。笔者从阿克萨科夫兄弟的视角出发,全面客观地看待斯拉夫主义的文学观,探寻上述两个派别在文学、思想层面的差异,以期对斯拉夫派及陀氏研究起拾遗补阙之效。In the 1860 s there was a heated debate between the Slavophiles and the Pochvenniks on the issue of“literature and intellectuals”.The Aksakov brothers,representatives of the Slavophiles,accused the literature in his time of being too hollow and the authors of being hypocritical.Dostoevsky,however,defended these two aspects from the point of view of the Pochvenniks.It was a two-year-long literary debate.Nowadays Dostoevsky and his position have been much studied in the academic world,but little attention has been paid to the Aksakov brothers and their ideas.This paper intends to take more comprehensive and objective view of the Slavic view of literature from the perspective of the Aksakov brothers,and explores the differences between the two schools at the literary and ideological levels,in order to make up for the study of the Slavophiles and Dostoevsky’s studies.

关 键 词：阿克萨科夫兄弟 陀思妥耶夫斯基 斯拉夫派 土壤派 知识分子 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]