草地贪夜蛾在不同类型玉米果穗上的适宜性研究及潜在传播风险分析  

Study on the Suitability of Spodoptera frugiperda on Different Types of Corn Ears and Analysis of Potential Transmission Risks

作　　者：杨俊伟 温胜慧 李彦良 贾鑫 王建军[1] 赵变平 杜彦超 王富荣 YANG Jun-wei;WEN Sheng-hui;LI Yan-liang;JIA Xin;WANG Jian-jun;ZHAO Bian-ping;DU Yan-chao;WANG Fu-rong(Maize Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University/Xinzhou Observation and Experiment Station for National Agricultural Plant Protection,Xinzhou 034000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学玉米研究所/国家植物保护忻州观测实验站,山西忻州034000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2022年第4期64-67,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：忻州市农业重点研发计划项目(20200328);忻州市平台和人才专项(20200601)。

摘　　要：对草地贪夜蛾在不同类型玉米果穗上的适宜性进行研究,旨为做好草地贪夜蛾在不同类型玉米上的应急防控预案提供科学依据。在人工气候箱内,分别在甜玉米、甜糯玉米和普通玉米的带苞叶新鲜果穗上接种草地贪夜蛾1龄幼虫,研究取食不同类型玉米的果穗对草地贪夜蛾生长发育的影响,并对各类型玉米的潜在传播风险进行了分析。结果表明:取食甜玉米果穗和甜糯玉米果穗的草地贪夜蛾均可完成1龄幼虫到蛹的发育,二者蛹期历时、成虫寿命和卵孵化率差异均不显著,但死亡率、各阶段发育历期、蛹重和产卵量存在明显差异,其中取食甜玉米的幼虫期死亡率(11.11%)和蛹期死亡率(11.18%)显著较低,4~6龄期历时(5.67 d)以及整个幼虫期历时(12.33 d)明显较短,蛹重(200.08 mg)较大,产卵量(872.24粒)较多;而取食普通玉米果穗的草地贪夜蛾不能完成1龄幼虫到蛹的发育,其中在1~3龄期有92.22%的幼虫死亡,在4~6龄期剩余幼虫全部死亡。甜玉米和甜糯玉米鲜果穗足以为草地贪夜蛾生长发育提供足够的营养和存活条件,具有潜在携带传播的风险;普通玉米果穗脱水快、种皮厚、子粒硬等,不具有完全适宜草地贪夜蛾完成整个发育历期的条件,携带传播的风险相对较低。The suitability of Spodoptera frugiperda on different types of corn ears was studied in order to provide scientific basis for emergency prevention and control.In the artificial climate box,the 1st instar larvae of S.frugiperda were inoculated on the fresh ears with bracts of sweet corn,sweet waxy corn and common corn,respectively,to study the effects of feeding with of different types of corn ears on the growth and development of S.frugiperda,and to analyze the potential transmission risks of different types of corn.The results showed that S.frugiperda fed on sweet corn ears and sweet waxy corn ears could complete the development from 1st instar larvae to pupae.The duration of pupal stage,adult longevity and egg hatching rate of feeding on the two types of corn were not significantly different,but there were significant differences in mortality,development duration of each stage,pupal weight and egg laying volume.Among them,the mortality of larval stage(11.11%) and pupal stage (11.18%) of feeding on sweet corn were significantly lower.The duration of the 4th to 6th instar (5.67 d) and the whole larval stage (12.33 d) were significantly shorter,and the pupa weight(200.08 mg) was larger,and the number of eggs laid (872.24) was larger.However,S.frugiperda fed on common corn ears could not complete the development from 1st instar larvae to pupae.92.22%of the larvae died in the 1st to 3rd instar and all the larvae died in the rest of the 4th to 6th instar.Sweet corn and sweet waxy corn fresh ears are enough to provide sufficient nutrition and survival conditions for the growth and development of S.frugiperda,and they have the potential risks of carrying and transmission.Common corn ears are dehydrated quickly,the seed coat is thick,the grain is hard,so it does not have the conditions that are completely suitable for the complete development of S.frugiperda,and the risk of carrying and transmission is relatively low.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 玉米类型 果穗 死亡率 传播风险 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]