氮钾配施对大蒜鳞茎产量及氮钾利用率的影响  

Effect of Combined Application of Nitrogen and Potassium on Garlic Bulb Yield and Utilization Efficiency of Nitrogen and Potassium

作　　者：温国昌 刘红耀[1] 贺维昭 张清华[1] WEN Guo-chang;LIU Hong-yao;HE Wei-zhao;ZHANG Qing-hua(Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Handan 056001,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸市农业科学院,河北邯郸056001

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2022年第4期68-71,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省“三三三”人才工程资助项目(A202003015);河北省农业创新驿站项目;邯郸市葱蒜类蔬菜产业技术创新战略联盟项目。

摘　　要：为研究邯郸地区大蒜种植适宜的氮钾施肥比例,通过大田试验,研究了不同的氮钾肥配施对大蒜鳞茎产量和氮钾利用率的影响。结果表明:在施钾量一定时,随着氮肥施用量的增加,永年大蒜和大名大蒜2个品种的鳞茎产量显著增加,氮肥偏生产力和农学效率总体呈下降趋势;在施氮量一定时,增施钾肥可显著提高2个品种的鳞茎产量,随着钾肥施用量增加,钾肥的偏生产力和钾肥农学效率总体呈下降趋势或先上升后下降趋势。综合考虑大蒜鳞茎产量、氮钾肥投入以及氮钾肥偏生产力和农学效率,认为本试验条件下最优的氮钾配施量为氮肥438 kg/hm^(2)、钾肥189 kg/hm^(2)。In order to study the appropriate proportion of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer for garlic in Handan,the effects of combined application of nitrogen and potassium on garlic bulb yield and utilization efficiency of nitrogen and potassium were studied through field experiments. The results showed that the bulb yield of Yongnian garlic and Daming garlic increased significantly,the partial productivity and the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer showed an overall decreasing tread with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application at a certain amount of potassium. When the amount of nitrogen application was fixed, the increase of potassium fertilizer could significantly increase the bulb yield of the two varieties. With the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer,the partial productivity of potassium fertilizer and the agronomic efficiency of potassium fertilizer showed a downward trend or increased first and then decreased. Considering garlic bulb yield, nitrogen and potassium fertilizer input,partial productivity and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer,it is considered that the optimal nitrogen and potassium fertilizer application rates under the experimental conditions are nitrogen fertilizer 438 kg/hm^(2) and potassium fertilizer 189 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：大蒜 氮肥 钾肥 产量 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]