基于Landsat-8影像的2018-2021年音苏盖提冰川表面流速监测  

Surface velocity monitoring of Skamri Glacier from 2018 to 2021 based on Landsat-8 images

作　　者：王凯 孙永玲 孙世金 刘晓 WANG Kai;SUN Yongling;SUN Shijin;LIU Xiao(School of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255022,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学建筑工程学院,山东淄博255022

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2022年第3期971-983,共13页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41904008)资助。

摘　　要：音苏盖提冰川是中国面积最大的山谷冰川,且该冰川为跃动冰川,研究跃动冰川运动特征对预警冰川跃动导致的冰川灾害具有重要意义。本文选取20对2018-2021年Landsat-8影像,运用光学影像特征追踪方法提取音苏盖提冰川表面流速,评估流速不确定性,并分析该冰川流速时空变化特征。结果表明:音苏盖提冰川表面流速存在明显的空间差异,在2018年1月-2019年6月期间,音苏盖提南支流流速远大于其北支流(西)流速,而在2019年6月-2021年11月期间,呈现与之前完全相反的空间特征,这主要是北支流(西)流速在2019年6月突增导致。根据2018-2021流速变化结果发现,北支流(西)在2019年6月发生跃动,至2021年11月仍处于跃动期,该支流冰川末端在2020年8月-2021年9月期间,约向主冰川推进320m;南支流在研究时间段内流速一直很大,最大流速达到441m·a;音苏盖提冰川北支流(东)流速在2021年7月突增,该支流可能发生跃动;音苏盖提冰川主冰川流速在南支流汇入和两条北支流发生跃动后明显增大。此外,该区域主冰川及各支流冰川流速最大值的高程分布存在时空差异。Skamri Glacier is the largest glacier in China,and it is a surge-type glacier. The study on the characteristics of glacial movement is of great significance for early warning of glacial disasters caused by glacier surge. In this paper,20 pairs of Landsat-8 images from2018 to2021 were selected to extract the surface velocity of Skamri Glacier using optical image feature tracking method,analyze the uncertainty of velocity,and analyze the temporal and spatial changes characteristics of velocity of the glacier. The results show that there are obvious spatial differences in the surface velocity of Skamri Glacier. During the period from January2018 to June2019,the velocity of the south tributary of Skamri Glacier is much greater than that of its north tributary(west),while during the period from June2019 to November2021,it presents completely opposite spatial characteristics,which is mainly due to the sudden increase of the velocity of the north tributary(west)in June2019. According to the results of velocity changes from2018 to2021,it is found that the north tributary(west)surges in June2019 and is still in the surge period until November2021. The north tributary(west)glacier terminus will advance about320 m towards the main glacier from August2020 to September2021;The velocity of the south tributary has been very large during the study period,and the maximum velocity reaches441 m·a;The velocity of the north tributary(east)of Skamri Glacier increased sharply in July2021,and the tributary may surge;The velocity of the main glacier of Skamri Glacier increased significantly after the confluence of the south tributary and the surge of the two north tributaries. In addition,there are temporal and spatial differences in the elevation distribution of the maximum velocity of the main glacier and its tributaries in this area.

关 键 词：音苏盖提冰川 Landsat-8影像 冰川表面流速 跃动冰川 

分 类 号：P343.62[天文地球—水文科学]