喜马拉雅山北坡典型冰川流域水文过程比较研究  被引量:1

Comparison of hydrological regime between two glacier-fed watersheds in the north Himalayas

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作  者:刘玉婷 刘景时 古丽格纳·哈力木拉提[1] 纳麦提·托合提 LIU Yuting;LIU Jingshi;Guligena Halimulati;Namaiti Tuoheti(Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,School of Life and Geography,Kashi University,Kashgar 844000,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区:[1]新疆喀什大学生命与地理学院,新疆维吾尔自治区帕米尔高原生物资源与生态重点实验室,新疆喀什844000 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100085

出  处:《冰川冻土》2022年第3期1063-1069,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基  金:新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(2021D01B06);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2020Y035);喀什大学高层次人才培养项目(GCC18ZK-008);喀什大学校内课题项目(19(2643))资助。

摘  要:2005年为喜马拉雅山中段的暖干年,夏季气温为历年最高。本文利用2005年珠穆朗玛峰绒布冰川下游水文观测资料及附近定日气象站资料、羊卓雍湖卡鲁雄曲冰川流域水文资料及附近浪卡子站气象资料,分析了两个流域的融水过程,建立冰雪消融数值模型,并进行了对比研究。结果表明:统计相关得到两流域气温和降水高度相关性(r>0.8),说明在区域尺度上两个地区的气候过程相似。绒布冰川消融强度比卡鲁雄曲冰川约大2倍,冰川退缩速率二者也差2.5倍,说明用冰川消融气温估计的水量损失基本反映两地冰川变化的事实。本文提出的冰雪融水模型,可以用于两个冰川区之间广大无资料冰川流域融水及冰川变化的估计,以及恢复珠穆朗玛和喜马拉雅山脉其他地区的长期水文过程及水资源变化的计算。Climate of the middle Himalayas in2005 was warm and dry,particularly with the highest summer temperatures. Used both observed hydrometeorologic data at the Rongbuk glacier of Mount Qomolangma and discharge data at glacier-fed Karuxung watershed and meteorologic data at the Nargaze station in the Yamdrok lake basin,the meltwater flow processes were analyzed for the two studied river,and established the numerical model for ice and snow ablation. The results showed that there was good statistical correlation(r>0.8)between temperature and precipitation in the two basins,indicated that the climate processes in the two regions were similar at the regional scale. The melting intensity of Rongbuk glacier was2 times of that of Kaluxiongqu glacier,and the glacial retreat rate was2.5 times of that in Kaluxiongqu glacier,indicated that the water loss estimated by glacial melting temperature basically reflected the fact of glacier changed in two places. The proposed model can be used to estimate the melt water and glacier changes in the vast glacier basins between the two glacier regions,and to reconstruct the long-term hydrological processes and water resources changes in Qomolangma and other parts of the Himalayas.

关 键 词:喜马拉雅山 绒布河流域 卡鲁雄曲流域 融水径流 夏季气温 

分 类 号:P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]

 

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