实现“双碳”目标的立法维度研究  

On Legislative Dimension of Realizing "Double Carbon" Targets

作　　者：张梓太[1] 张叶东 ZHANG Zitai;ZHANG Yedong

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院,上海200438

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期14-32,115,共20页Journal of Nanjing Tech University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：实现“双碳”目标,制定统合各方、总揽全局的“双碳”专门法律,必须重视立法维度研究。当前学术界和实务界的研究仅局限于减碳这一单一维度,或从与“双碳”相关的气候变化立法、环境法治保障这样的角度切入,缺乏系统和全面的深入剖析。实现“碳达峰碳中和”必须纳入生态文明建设整体布局,因此可以从权力-权力维度、权力-权利维度和权利-权利维度三个维度进行深入剖析。未来应当秉持整体系统观,从整体性的立法维度统合整个“双碳”领域的立法,通过权力配置论做好专门法律和监管体制的顶层设计,通过目标控制论形成包括总量设定、配额分配、注册登记和履约清缴四个阶段的碳排放管理中观结构,通过低碳发展论构建包含碳交易和碳金融的市场机制,形成公私融合的双碳法律体系,为实现“双碳”目标提供多维度法治保障。To achieve the “double carbon” Targets and formulate a special law on thegoalthat integrates all parties and exercise overall leadership, we must attach importance to the research on its legislative dimension. Existing research is limited to a single dimension of carbon reduction, or on the perspective of climate change legislation and environmental legal protection related to double carbon, with the lack of a systematic and comprehensive in-depth analysis. The effort to achievepeak carbon dioxide emissionsa nd carbon neutralitymust be incorporated into the overall layout of ecological civilization construction. Therefore, it can be deeply analyzed from three dimensions: power-power dimension, power-right dimension, and right-right dimension. In the future, we should combine the holistic system view, integrate the legislation of the entire " double carbon" field from the overall legislative dimension,and exercise the top-level design of special laws and regulatory systems based on the theory of power allocation;form the medium structure of carbon emission management in four stages, i. e. total volume setting, quota allocation, registration and contract performance, and settlement through target cybernetics;build a market mechanism including carbon trading and carbon finance on the theory of low-carbon development;form a legal system integrating the public and private;and provide dimensional legal protection for achieving the goal.

关 键 词：“双碳”目标 “双碳”立法 “双碳”监管 低碳发展 环境权利 生态环境市场 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]