栗斑腹鹀和三道眉草鹀物种分化研究  

Study on the speciation of the Emberiza jankowskii and Emberiza cioides

作　　者：张雪[1] 张立世[2] 尚伟平 严蓉飞 姜云垒[2] 李时[2] ZHANG Xue;ZHANG Li-shi;SANG Wei-ping;YAN Rong-fei;JIANG Yun-lei;LI Shi(College of Life Science,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生命科学学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期107-114,共8页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31601856;31670398)。

摘　　要：从形态、鸣声和分子三个方面对栗斑腹鹀(Emberiza jankowskii)和三道眉草鹀(Emberiza cioides)的物种分化进行了研究.结果表明:在形态分析上,栗斑腹鹀和三道眉草鹀的翅长、喙高、体长、头高和尾长具有显著差异,其他形态参数无显著差异;在鸣声分析上,栗斑腹鹀和三道眉草鹀间除持续时间外,均不具有显著性差异;利用线粒体标记对遗传多样性进行分析后发现,栗斑腹鹀的遗传多样性略高于三道眉草鹀.利用ND2基因对两个物种的最近共同祖先进行计算,时间约在136万年前.栗斑腹鹀和三道眉草鹀的形态和鸣声尚未发生完全分化.第四纪冰期-间冰期的气候变化和不同避难所间的隔离可能是导致二者发生物种分化的主要驱动力.This study analyzed the speciation of Emberiza jankowskii and Emberiza cioides from three aspects: morphology, sound and molecular.The results showed that in the morphological analysis, there were significant differences in the wing length, beak height, body length, head height and tail length of the E.jankowskii and the E.cioides,but there were no significant differences in other morphological parameters.Compared with the two, E.cioides is slightly larger;in the sound analysis, there is no significant difference between the E.jankowskii and the E.cioides except for the duration;in the molecular analysis, the level of genetic diversity of E.jankowskii is a little higher than E.cioides.The most recent common ancestor of the E.jankowskii and the E.cioides lived 1.36(95% HPD=1.05~1.70) million years ago.It indicates that the E.jankowskii and E.cioides in the Inner Mongolia are a pair of young species with similar phenotype.Quaternary glacial-Interglacial climate changed and the isolation of different shelters may be the main driving forces leading to the speciation.

关 键 词：物种分化 栗斑腹鹀 分化时间 更新世冰期 

分 类 号：Q959.739[生物学—动物学]