2015—2020年合肥市蜀山区流行性腮腺炎流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of mumps in Shushan District of Hefei City in 2015-2020

作　　者：崔光辉 蒋薇薇 CUI Guang-hui;JIANG Wei-wei(Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215004,China;Shushan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei,Anhui 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省苏州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏苏州215004 [2]安徽省合肥市蜀山区疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2022年第5期114-117,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析合肥市蜀山区流行性腮腺炎的流行现状及特征,为制定防控策略提供科学参考。方法蜀山区2015—2020年的流行性腮腺炎个案资料源于《中国疾病预防控制信息管理系统》,对个案数据采用描述性流行病学方法分析;接种率数据来源于安徽省免疫规划信息管理系统。结果蜀山区共报告流行性腮腺炎病例799例,年均发病率为21.58/10万,发病呈逐年上升趋势。各月份均有病例报告,4~5月报告病例数最多占20.90%。男女发病人数分别为513、286人,发病率男性(27.55/10万)高于女性(15.51/10万)。发病患者中年龄最小为2个月,最大84岁,年龄分布以10岁以下为主,共573例(71.71%),发病率随年龄增大而降低;职业分布以中小学生、托幼儿童为主,分别为371例(46.43%)、262例(32.79%)。蜀山区11家镇(街)均有病例报告,主要分布五里墩街道、井岗镇和笔架山街道,分别占23.53%(188例)、17.52%(140例)、13.64%(109例)。2015—2019年出生的适龄儿童含腮腺炎成分疫苗接种率达97%以上。结论学生及托幼儿童是流行性腮腺炎的主要防控群体,应切实做好疫情监测和健康教育,同时对含腮腺炎成分疫苗进行查漏补种和加强免疫,以预防流行性腮腺炎的发病。Objective To analyze the epidemic status and characteristics of mumps in Shushan area,and to provide scientific reference for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of mumps cases in Shushan District from 2015 to 2020 were retrieved from China Disease Control and Prevention Information Management System.The data of vaccination rate were obtained from the Anhui Province Immunization Program Information Management System.The data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 799 cases of mumps were reported in Shushan District.The average annual incidence was 21.58/100000,and the incidence was increasing year by year.Cases were reported in every month,with 20.90%cases reported from April to May.The number of males and females were 513 and 286 respectively,and the incidence rate of males(27.55/10)was higher than that of females(15.51/100000).The youngest patient was 2 months old and the oldest was 84 years old.The age distribution was mainly under 10 years old,with a total of 573 cases(71.71%).The incidence rate decreased with age.The occupational distribution was mainly primary and secondary school students and kindergarten children,accounting for 371 cases(46.43%)and 262 cases(32.79%),respectively.Cases were reported in 11 towns(streets)in Shushan District,mainly in Wulidun Street,Jinggang Town and Bijiashan Street,accounting for 23.53%(188 cases),17.52%(140 cases),and 13.64%(109 cases),respectively.More than 97 percent of eligible children born between 2015 and 2019 received mumps vaccines.Conclusion Students and kindergarten children are the main prevention and control groups for mumps.Epidemic surveillance and health education should be effectively carried out.At the same time,children who miss mumps vaccine should be vaccinated with mumps vaccine to strengthen immunity and prevent the onset of mumps.

关 键 词：中小学生 托幼儿童 流行性腮腺炎 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]