标准吞咽功能评估联合容积-黏度吞咽试验在神经外科吞咽障碍患者饮食中的应用  

Application of standard swallowing assessment combined with volume-viscosity swallowing test in diet of neurosurgical patients with dysphagia

作　　者：余鹏 米元元 渠缘 方慧 王羡科 YU Peng;MI Yuanyuan;QU Yuan;FANG Hui;WANG Xianke(Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《中国实用神经疾病杂志》2022年第8期990-995,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨标准吞咽功能评估(standardized swallowing assessment,SSA)联合容积-黏度吞咽试验(volume-viscosity swallowing test,V-VST)应用于神经外科吞咽障碍患者喂养管理的效果。方法采用类实验法,选择神经外科吞咽障碍患者,常规进行SSA筛查,将患者分为对照组(n=40)与观察组(n=42)。对照组实施常规护理,根据SSA筛查给予营养支持治疗;观察组对于吞咽障碍患者实施标准吞咽功能评估联合容积-黏度吞咽试验筛查,根据筛查结果制定个体化喂养方案。结果观察组留置胃管率45.24%低于对照组77.50%(P<0.05),胃管留置时间(7.730.65)d短于对照组(10.352.26)d(P<0.05),胃管拔管成功率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),误吸发生率4.76%低于对照组20%(P>0.05)。结论标准吞咽功能评估联合容积-黏度吞咽试验可以精准制定神经外科吞咽障碍患者的饮食方案,降低胃管留置时间,减少误吸发生率确保患者进食安全。Objective To explore the effect of standard swallowing assessment combined with volume-vis⁃cosity swallowing test in feeding management of neurosurgical patients with dysphagia.Methods Patients with dysphagia in neurosurgery were selected and screened by SSA routinely.The patients were divided into control group(n=40)and observation group(n=42).The control group was given routine nursing and nutritional support treatment according to SSA screening;the observation group was given standard swallowing function evalua⁃tion combined with volume-viscosity swallowing test screening,and individualized feeding plan was made according to the screening results.Results The rate of indwelling gastric tube in the observation group was 45.24%low⁃er than that in the control group(77.50%)(P<0.05).The indwelling time of gastric tube in the observation group was 7.730.65 shorter than that in the control group 10.352.26(P<0.05).The success rate of gastric tube ex⁃tubation was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The incidence of aspiration was 4.76%lower than that in the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Standard swallowing function assessment combined with volume-viscosity swallowing test can accurately formulate the diet plan of neurosurgical patients with dysphagia,reduce the indwell⁃ing time of gastric tube,reduce the incidence of aspiration and ensure the safety of eating.

关 键 词：吞咽障碍 标准吞咽功能评估 容积-黏度吞咽试验 饮食指导 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]