生焦基活性炭的制备及电化学性能研究  

Preparation and electrochemical performance of green coke-based activated carbons

作　　者：张旭升 田晓冬[1] 宋燕[1,2] 武晋如 杨桃 刘占军[1,2] ZHANG Xusheng;TIAN Xiaodong;SONG Yan;WU Jinru;YANG Tao;LIU Zhanjun(Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan 030001,Shanxi,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所中国科学院炭材料重点实验室,山西太原030001 [2]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049

出　　处：《化学研究》2022年第5期421-429,共9页Chemical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52072383;U21A2061)。

摘　　要：以沥青焦和石油焦为炭前驱体,KOH为活化剂,制备了高比表面积活性炭,并考察了所制活性炭作为超级电容器电极时的电化学性能。结果表明:相同碱碳比条件下,沥青焦与KOH具有更高的反应活性,在活化过程中大量轻组分逸出,产生了丰富的孔隙结构,比表面积高达3211 m^(2)/g,总孔容为1.55 cm^(3)/g。以6 mol/L KOH为电解液,三电极测试系统测试所制沥青焦活性炭电极电化学性能,当电流密度为0.1 A/g时,其质量比电容达346 F/g;当电流密度增加到100 A/g时,其质量比电容仍可保持在242 F/g。由此组装的对称电容器在有机电解液(1 mol/L MeEt_(3)NBF_(4)/PC)中表现出较好的倍率、较高的能量密度(25 Wh/kg)及循环稳定性(2 A/g电流密度循环5000次的容量保持率为81%)。Activated carbons with high specific surface area were prepared by using pitch coke and petroleum coke as precursors and KOH as activator.The electrochemical performance of the activated carbons as electrodes of supercapacitors were investigated in detail.Results show that pitch coke has higher reactivity with KOH than petroleum coke under the same condition,which is incline to the formation of highly developed porosity due to the escape of a large number of light components during the activation,resulting in high specific surface area of 3211 m^(2)/g along with a total volume of 1.55 cm^(3)/g.When the pitch coke-based activated carbon was adopted as electrode material in a three-electrode electrochemical system with 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte,a high specific capacitance as up to 346 F/g was achieved at 0.1 A/g.Notably,it can be still maintained at 242 F/g even when the current density increased up to 100 A/g.Afterwards,it was also used to assemble the symmetric device by 1 mol/L MeEt_(3)NBF_(4)/PC as electrolyte.The as-obtained device delivered good rate capability,high energy density(25 Wh/kg)as well as long lifespan(81%after 5000 cycles at 2 A/g).

关 键 词：沥青焦 石油焦 活性炭 超级电容器 电化学 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]