泉州产木棉果与纤维形态特征及其吸油性能  

Morphological characteristics and oil-sorption properties of Quanzhou kapok fiber and fruit

作　　者：杨竹丽 李清林 关福旺 江大伟 王府梅[2] 邱夷平 张初阳 YANG Zhuli;LI Qinlin;GUAN Fuwang;JIANG Dawei;WANG Fumei;QIU Yiping;ZHANG Chuyang(College of Textiles and Apparel,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,China;Key Laboratory of Textile Science&Technology,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院纺织与服装学院,福建泉州362000 [2]东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期13-19,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JT180377);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J05187,2019J01740);泉州市科技计划项目(2020C039R,2018K002);泉州师范学院科技计划项目(H18024,H18028);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010399109)。

摘　　要：为充分利用资源丰富的国产木棉,使其变废为宝,将泉州本地木棉从果实、纤维形态、油液吸附能力等方面与印尼爪哇木棉对比:泉州木棉果的形态和内部结构与印尼木棉果类似;泉州木棉纤维长度集中分布于14.5~27.5 mm,略小于印尼木棉,但长度分布更均匀;纤维细度集中分布于15~35μm,蜡质质量分数约为1.660%。泉州木棉对大豆油的平均吸油倍率为41.05,平均保油率为97.48%;对纯机油的平均吸油倍率为37.85,平均保油率为97.97%,均高于印尼木棉;木棉纤维可以重复吸油,但使用次数以少于6次为佳。研究结果表明,泉州木棉具有更加优良的油液吸附性能,可以应用于吸油材料领域。To make full use of the resource-rich domestic kapok fiber and turn waste into wealth,the kapok fruit,fiber morphology and oil sorption abilities of Quanzhou kapok were studied in comparison with Indonesia kapok.Comparing to Indonesia kapok,Quanzhou kapok has the similar fruit shape and internal structure.The fiber length of Quanzhou kapok is concentrated in 14.5-27.5 mm which is slightly shorter than Indonesia kapok fiber,but the length distribution is more uniform;the fiber fineness centers around 15-35μm.Epidermis wax mass fraction of Quanzhou kapok fiber was about 1.660%.The average oil sorption capacity of Quanzhou kapok fiber assembly in soybean oil is 41.05 and the average retention rate is 97.48%.The average oil sorption capacity and retention rate in engine oil is 37.85 and 97.97%respectively,higher than that of Indonesia kapok.Kapok fiber assembly could be recirculated fewer than six times for better oil-absorption.The result show that Quanzhou kapok fiber has more excellent oil sorption ability and can be used as oil-sorbing material.

关 键 词：木棉纤维 天然纤维 纤维结构 吸油性能 

分 类 号：TS102.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]