大刺鳅简易式循环水生态养殖系统养殖试验  

Loach Mastacembelus armatus Culture in a Simple Recirculating Water Ecosystem

作　　者：吴妹英[1] WU Meiying(Fujian Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省淡水水产研究所,福建福州350002

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2022年第4期94-100,共7页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项资金(2020MDS-YT005);福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2020R1014002).

摘　　要：本试验用的循环水生态养殖系统包括面积约6.7 m^(2)、深0.8~1.0 m的养殖池、净化池、过滤设备、NFT管道水培装置和气动力系统等设备。试验组和对照组分别采用空气能和普通加热设备。放养前10~15 d,在NFT管道培育装置中移入培育好的绿萝(Epipremaum aureum),向养殖系统中投放硝化细菌、光合细菌、芽孢杆菌,待菌膜成熟和植物根系长成后进行养殖实验。在水温25~30℃下,向养殖池中分别放养体质量2~3 g、7~10 g和20~50 g的大刺鳅(Mastacembelus armatus),密度500尾/m^(2)、300尾/m^(2)和150尾/m^(2),饲养60 d、90 d和90 d,研究循环水生态养殖系统对大刺鳅苗种培育、鱼种和成鱼养殖效果的影响。结果显示,试验组的成活率比对照组分别高16.29%(苗种培育)、12.38%(鱼种养殖)和7.05%(成鱼养殖);与对照组相比,试验组用水量减少了88.04%~91.70%,加热保温成本降低了89.16%~92.48%;饲料系数下降了14.15%~19.10%,产量提升至7.57kg/m^(2)。该模式可以有效降低能耗需求,减少用水量,提升养殖效率等,可作为大刺鳅规模化养殖的重要参考。The circulating water ecological aquaculture system used in this experiment consisted of culture ponds with an area of about 6.7 m2 and a depth of 0.8~1.0 m,purification ponds,filtration equipment,NFT pipeline hydroponic equipment,aerodynamic systems and other equipment.The test group and the control group used air energy heating equipment and ordinary heating equipment,respectively.The plant(Epipremnum aureum)was cultivated in the NFT pipeline cultivation device,and nitrifying bacteria,photosynthetic bacteria,and bacillus were added into the cultivation system 10~15 days before the loach culture when the bacteria matured and the plant grew in order to evaluate the impact of recirculating water ecosystem on the breeding of the juvenile and adult loach and to compare the survival rate,growth efficiency,yield and production cost.Juvenile loach with body weight of 2~3 g(test group A),7~10 g(test group B),and 20~50 g(test group C)were reared in the culture ponds at stocking density of 500 ind./m2,300 ind./m2,and 150 ind./m2 for 60 d,90 d,and 90 d,respectively,at water temperature of 25~30℃.The results showed that there were higher 16.29%of survival rates in test group A,12.38%in test group B and 7.05%in test group C than that in the control group.The water consumption was shown to be reduced by 88.04%~91.70%,heating and keeping heat cost by 89.16%~92.48%,and food conversion ratio by 14.15%~19.10%,with increase in loach yield to 7.57 kg/m2 compared with those in the control group.The findings indicated that this model effectively reduced energy consumption,and water consumption,and that improved the breeding efficiency,and can be used as an important reference for large-scale culture of loach M.armatus in the future.

关 键 词：大刺鳅 循环水生态养殖系统 苗种培育 鱼种养殖 成鱼养殖 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖]