壳聚糖对葡萄幼苗生理生态的影响  

Effects of Chitosan on Physiology and Ecology of Grape Seedlings

作　　者：张皓然 范中菡 李红春 夏丹 陈庆华[1] 李洪浩[1] 徐雅欣 廖明安[2] 林立金[4] 胡容平[1] ZHANG Haoran;FAN Zhonghan;LI Hongchun;XIA Dan;CHEN Qinghua;LI Honghao;XU Yaxin;LIAO Mingan;LIN Lijin;HU Rongping(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest China,Ministry of Agriculture,Chengdu Sichuan 610066,China;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu Sichuan 611130,China;Pengshan District Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Meishan,Sichuan 620860,China;Institute of Pomology and Olericulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都611130 [3]眉山市彭山区农业农村局,四川眉山620860 [4]四川农业大学果蔬研究所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2022年第8期18-23,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系四川水果创新团队项目(sccxtd-2022-04);四川省农业科学院中试熟化项目(2021ZSSFXC56)。

摘　　要：为筛选出最有利于葡萄生长的壳聚糖浓度,以葡萄幼苗为材料,对其喷施浓度为0、1、2、4和6 g/L的壳聚糖溶液,研究了壳聚糖对葡萄生长及生理的影响。结果表明:喷施不同浓度壳聚糖后,葡萄幼苗生物量、光合色素含量和光合作用均较对照显著增加,且随壳聚糖浓度的增加而呈先增加后减少的趋势,当壳聚糖浓度为4 g/L时,葡萄幼苗生物量、光合色素含量及净光合速率均最大。喷施壳聚糖后,葡萄幼苗叶片抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶)活性、可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛含量及相对电导率均随喷施浓度增大不断提高,且在壳聚糖浓度为6 g/L时达到峰值。经壳聚糖处理后葡萄幼苗各部分可溶性糖含量也有所上升,根系、茎秆可溶性糖含量在壳聚糖浓度为4 g/L时达最高值。因此,壳聚糖能够促进葡萄幼苗生长,在一定程度上提高了葡萄幼苗的抗逆性。In order to screen out the most optimal concentration for grape’s growth, the effect of chitosan spraying at concentrations of 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/L on grape seedlings growth and physiological characteristics was studied.The results showed that after spraying of different concentrations of chitosan, the biomass, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthesis of grape seedlings increased significantly compared with the control, and it increased at first and then decreased with the increase of chitosan concentration. When the concentration of chitosan was 4 g/L, the biomass, photosynthetic pigment content and net photosynthetic rate of grape seedlings were the highest. After spraying of chitosan, the activities of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase), soluble protein content, malond ialdehyde(MDA) content and relative conductivity of grape seedlings increased with the increase of spraying concentration, and it reached the peak at 6 g/L chitosan concentration. The soluble sugar content of each part of grape seedlings also increased under chitosan treatment, and the soluble sugar content of root and stem reached the highest value when the chitosan concentration was 4 g/L. Therefore, chitosan can promote the growth of grape seedlings and improve the resistance of grape seedlings to a certain extent.

关 键 词：葡萄幼苗 壳聚糖 生长 生理生态 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]