夏玉米源库性状对群体渐增变化的响应  

Response of the Source-sink Traits of Summer Maize to Incrementally Increasing Plant Population Density

作　　者：翟新然 王勤俭 赵雪梅 ZHAI Xin-ran;WANG Qin-jian;ZHAO Xue-mei(Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhumadian 463000,China;Agricultural Service Center of Huaishu Township of Suiping County,Suiping 463100,China;Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade of Yicheng District of Zhumadian,Zhumadian 463000,China)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市农业科学院,河南驻马店463000 [2]遂平县槐树乡农业服务中心,河南遂平463100 [3]驻马店市驿城区农业综合行政执法大队,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2022年第4期27-35,共9页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：河南现代农业产业技术体系(S20200210)。

摘　　要：以驻玉216为材料,设置6.75万、7.50万、8.25万、9.00万株/hm~24个群体密度,研究不同群体密度下夏玉米源库性状的变化规律,为豫南生态区夏玉米生产提供理论依据与技术支撑。结果表明:群体叶源量吐丝期最大,处理D比处理D、D、D分别增加了5.29%、17.51%、40.66%;灌浆期高密度群体处理显著降低了比叶重,处理D比处理D、D、D分别增加了6.44%、14.47%、17.28%;处理D、D、D的粒叶比比处理D分别增加了24.62%、12.41%、8.90%,叶物质输出率显著升高但均为负值;提高群体密度显著增加了吐丝后玉米群体源的生产能力;处理D的吐丝后源生产能力转化率比处理D、D分别下降了9.9、12.2百分点;处理D的群体库容量比处理D、D、D分别降低了16.06%、29.01%、21.23%;穗粒数、群体粒数、百粒质量、库充实度及产量不同处理间均达显著水平(P<0.05),籽粒产量处理D最高,比处理D、D、D分别增加了6.86%、9.61%、12.47%,群体密度D可以平衡群体源库之间协同关系,群体源库性状得以协调发展。The purpose of this study was to determine the variation patterns of the source-sink characters of summer maize under different plant population densities so as to lay a theoretical basis and provide technical support for summer maize production in the ecological area of southern Henan. Using Zhuyu 216 as the tested summer maize variety, the field experiment involved four treatments with the population densities of 6.75×10~4, 7.50×10~4, 8.25×10~4, 9.00×10~4plants per hectare, which were designated as D, D, D, and D, respectively. The results showed that all treatments had the maximum population total leaf area at silking stage, and treatment Dincreased population total leaf area by 5.29%, 17.51%, and 40.66% as compared with D, D, and D, respectively. During the grain-filling stage, higher density population treatments significantly reduced specific leaf weight, which rose by 6.44%, 14.47%, and17.28% in Das compared with D, Dand D, respectively. The ratios of grain to leaf of D, D, and Dincreased by24.62%, 12.41%, and 8.90%, respectively, as compared with D. The leaf matter output percentage rose significantly with growing plant population density, but its value was negative in each treatment. Increasing population density significantly improved the production capacity of maize population source after silking stage, after which the transformation rate of source production capacity in Ddecreased by 9.9% and 12.2% as compared with Dand D, respectively. The population sink capacity of Ddeclined by16.06%, 29.01%, and 21.23% as compared with D, D, and D, respectively. Different treatments varied significantly (P < 0.05) in grain number per panicle, population grain number, 100 grain weight, sink fullness, and yield. Among all treatments, Dattained the highest grain yield, which was 6.86% , 9.61% , and 12.47% higher than those of D, D, and D, respectively. These results demonstrate that the plant population density Dcan bring the synergistic relationship between population source and sink, and that the characters of

关 键 词：夏玉米 源库性状 叶源量 群体源生产能力 群体库容量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]