Kevlar纤维增强树脂基复合材料纳秒激光加工理论建模及试验  

Theoretical modeling and experimental study on nanosecond laser machining of Kevlar fiber reinforced plastics

作　　者：苏飞 李文毅 董国军[3] 郑雷[4] 陈冰 SU Fei;LI Wenyi;DONG Guojun;ZHENG Lei;CHEN Bi_(2)ng(Intelligent Manufacturing Institute of HNUST,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Precision Machining of Difficult-to-Cut Material,School of Mechatronic Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;School of Mechatronics Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng 224051,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学智能制造研究院,湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学机电工程学院难加工材料高效精密加工湖南省重点实验室,湘潭411201 [3]哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [4]盐城工学院机械工程学院,盐城224051

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2022年第8期4139-4151,共13页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175400,51805164,52075127);湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ30263);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20201474);湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(18A182)。

摘　　要：纳秒激光加工在纤维增强树脂基复合材料的加工中应用广泛,但在对温度较敏感的Kevlar纤维增强树脂基复合材料(KFRP)的激光加工中,极易产生不可控的热损伤。针对KFRP的纳秒激光切割,分析激光加工过程中的温度演变过程,根据激光加工烧蚀阈值理论,分析KFRP的烧蚀阈值及烧蚀机制,并基于热传导中的能量守恒定律、质量守恒及动量守恒,分别建立Kevlar纤维和树脂基体热影响区的损伤预测模型。结果表明,KFRP激光加工热影响区存在显著差异,可以通过切削温度变化规律明显区分激光加工不同损伤区域;Kevlar纤维的烧蚀阈值为0.01 J·cm^(−2),环氧树脂基体的烧蚀阈值为0.005 J·cm^(−2);切缝宽度、切缝深度、炭化区宽度的理论预测模型与实验结果基本吻合,激光加工工艺参数对热影响区影响显著,其中,激光功率对切缝宽度的影响最大,扫描速度对切缝深度、炭化区宽度的影响最显著,但脉冲宽度和重复频率对热影响区影响较小。Nanosecond laser processing is widely used in the processing of fiber-reinforced composites,but it is easy to produce uncontrollable thermal damage in the laser processing of Kevlar fiber reinforced plastics(KFRP),owing to its poor high temperature resistance.During the nanosecond laser cutting of KFRP,the temperature evolution process was analyzed.According to the ablation threshold theory of laser processing,the ablation threshold and the ablation mechanism were analyzed.Based on the conservation law of energy in heat conduction,the conservation of mass and the conservation of momentum,the damage prediction models of the Kevlar fiber and the resin matrix in the heat-affected zone were established,respectively.The results show that there are significant differences in the heat-affected zone of KFRP laser machining,and the different damage zones can be distinguished by the change law of cutting temperature.The ablation threshold of the Kevlar fiber and that of the epoxy resin matrix are 0.01 J·cm^(−2) and 0.005 J·cm^(−2),respectively.The theoretical model of the kerf width,the kerf depth and the carbonization zone width is consistent with the experimental result.The heat-affected zone is significantly affected by the laser processing process parameters.Among them,the kerf width is most significantly affected by the laser power,the kerf depth and the width of the carbonization zone are most significantly affected by the scanning speed.But,the heat-affected zone is little affected by the pulse width and the repetition frequency.

关 键 词：Kevlar纤维增强树脂复合材料(KFRP) 纳秒激光切削 烧蚀阈值 热影响区 切削温度 

分 类 号：TQ327[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] V258.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]