社会支持对北京市某高校学生体育锻炼行为变化的影响  

Influence of Social Support on Physical Exercise Behavior Changes of College Students in a University in Beijing

作　　者：潘雨晴 纪颖[1] 史宇晖[1] PAN Yuqing(Department of Social Medicine and Health Education,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing,100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育系,北京100191

出　　处：《医学与社会》2022年第9期5-9,共5页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为71804003。

摘　　要：目的:了解社会支持变化对学生体育锻炼行为变化的影响,为学生体育锻炼行为促进策略的制定提供依据。方法:本研究选择北京市某综合大学为典型案例样本,自行设计问卷调查451名大一学生的体育锻炼行为及相关信息,分析社会支持对体育锻炼变化的影响。结果:单因素分析显示被调查对象的体育锻炼行为变化与同伴情感支持变化(χ^(2)=38.672,P<0.001)、同伴示范效应变化(χ^(2)=43.070,P<0.001)、家庭情感支持变化(χ^(2)=20.280,P<0.001)有关。多因素分析表明,理工科、同伴情感支持变多、同伴示范效应变多和家庭情感支持变多对体育锻炼行为的变化有正向影响。结论:在大学生体育锻炼行为变化的影响因素上,社会支持尤其是同伴支持可能以情感支持和示范效应的形式发挥正向作用,可以根据这一特点在大学校园开展有针对性的干预。Objective:To understand the impact of changes in social support on students’physical exercise behavior,so as to provide evidence for the development of students’physical exercise behavior promotion strategy.Methods:Self-designed questionnaire was carried out to investigate the physical exercise behavior and related information of 451 freshmen in a comprehensive university in Beijing.Results:Univariate analysis showed that the change of physical exercise behavior was related to the change of peer emotional support(χ^(2)=38.672,P<0.001),the change of peer demonstration effect(χ^(2)=43.070,P<0.001),and the change of family emotional support(χ^(2)=20.280,P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that science and engineering,more peer emotional support,more peer demonstration effect and more family emotional support had a positive impact on the change of physical exercise behavior.Conclusion:Social support,especially peer support,may play a positive role on physical exercise behaviors among college students in the forms of emotional support and demonstration effect.It is suggested that targeted intervention may be designed on this feature to promote college students’physical exercise behaviors.

关 键 词：体育锻炼 社会支持 同伴支持 家庭支持 行为变化 

分 类 号：R19-0[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]