暴雨内涝下城市公交线网应急点识别方法  

Method for identifying the emergency points of urban transit networks in rainstorms with road waterlogging

作　　者：薄坤[1] 杨正 赖雄飞 滕靖[4,5,6] BO Kun;YANG Zheng;LAI Xiong-fei;TENG Jing(College of Higher Technical,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China;School of Naval Architecture,Ocean&Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,National University of Singapore,Singapore 117576,Singapore;College of Transportation Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the State Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学,高等技术学院,上海201306 [2]上海交通大学,船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240 [3]新加坡国立大学,土木与环境工程系,新加坡117576 [4]同济大学,交通运输工程学院,上海201804 [5]同济大学,道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [6]同济大学,上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室,上海201804

出　　处：《交通运输工程与信息学报》2022年第3期57-67,共11页Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB1600100)。

摘　　要：提出一种暴雨内涝下城市公交线网应急点的识别方法,为气象灾害前常规、短时以及灾中有无突发、有无实时动态要求的应急预案提供制定方法。首先,构建能够反映暴雨内涝灾害演化特征的公交线网脆弱点评价体系,包含站点度中心性、站点介数中心性、区间介数中心性和公交线网有效性的静态指标,和由客流OD站点度、客流OD区间介数、乘客换乘中心度组成的乘客中心性和车辆中心性的动态指标。然后,采用L-Space法构建有向有权公交线网拓扑结构,基于脆弱点评价指标计算出网络各要素的脆弱性指标值。最后,提出保障公交通行条件、公交运行服务水平和两者兼顾的三种应急目的,确定应急点。该方法实现了高效识别大规模(千级)站点的公交线网脆弱点,静态脆弱性指标适用于政府应急管理部门和公交运营部门的灾前常规应急预案制定,动态脆弱性指标适用于灾前短时、灾中等具有突发、实时动态要求的应急预案制定。This paper develops a method to identify the emergency points of an urban public transit network under rainstorm with waterlogging.The support points are determined to provide an applicable method for the formulation of emergency plans with multiple requirements before and during meteorological disasters.First,a public transit network vulnerability evaluation system is constructed reflecting the characteristics of the evolution of rainstorm waterlogging disasters,including static indices of station centrality,station betweenness centrality,interval betweenness centrality,and public transit network effectiveness,and dynamic indices of passenger centrality and vehicle centrality,constructed from passenger OD station degree,passenger OD interval betweenness,and passenger transfer centrality.The L-space method is then used to construct the topology of the directed public transit network,and the vulnerability index values of each element of the network are calculated based on the vulnerability evaluation index.Finally,based on the requirements of emergency purposes,which are the bus traffic conditions and service level of public transit operation,all indices are integrated to ensure coverage of the respective emergency points.This method can effectively identify the vulnerability of large-scale(thousand-plus)bus networks,which can be used to formulate emergency plans for routine and emergency events.The static vulnerability index is suitable for government emergency management and public transportation departments to formulate conventional emergency plans before a disaster,and the dynamic vulnerability index is suitable for devising emergency plans considering sudden and real-time dynamic requirements in the short-term and medium-term before disasters.

关 键 词：城市交通 应急预案 脆弱性分析 公交线网 暴雨内涝 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]