覆膜高温好氧堆肥过程中微生物群落组成及变化规律分析  

Characteristics of Microbial Diversity During Membrane-coveredHigh Temperature Aerobic Composting

作　　者：潘志针[1] 陈峥[1] 刘波[1] 刘欣[1] 肖荣凤[1] 阮传清[1] 郑雪芳[1] 史怀[1] 王阶平[1] PAN Zhi-Zhen;CHEN Zheng;LIU Bo;LIU Xin;XIAO Rong-feng;RUAN Chuan-qing;ZHENG Xue-Fang;SHI Huai;WANG Jie-ping(Institute of Agricultural Biological Resources,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2022年第6期8-18,共11页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省农业科学院对外合作项目(DWHZ2021-15);福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2020R1034002);福建省农业科学院青年创新团队项目(CXTD2021010-3)。

摘　　要：覆膜高温好氧堆肥是实现有机固体废弃物无害化和资源化利用的重要手段。采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术探究不同堆肥阶段微生物群落的组成及变化规律。试验采集了3个不同堆肥温度阶段的24个样本,获得1143180条高质量序列,4559种OTUs,归属于49个门、154个纲、356个目、571个科、1081个属和2048个种。覆膜高温好氧堆肥的优势菌门由绿弯菌门Chloroflexi、变形菌门Proteobacteria、放线菌门Actinobacteriota、厚壁菌门Firmicutes、芽单胞菌门Gemmatimonadota、酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota、拟杆菌门Bacteroidota、髌骨细菌门Patescibacteria、粘球菌门Myxococcota、粪热杆菌门Coprothermobacterota、浮霉菌门Planctomycetota和硝化菌门Nitrospirota组成。采用经典的偏最小二乘回归模型(PLS-DA)分析结果显示,覆膜高温好氧堆肥高温期细菌菌群显著区别于初始堆肥阶段和其他堆肥阶段的菌群。LEfSe分析结果阐明了不同堆肥阶段的差异指示物种。BugBase和FAPROTAX功能预测及与潜在病原菌库进行比对分析,发现覆膜高温堆肥能很好地降低有害病原微生物的丰度。The Membrane-covered high temperature aerobic composting is an important means to realize the harmless and resource utilization of organic solid waste.The Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the composition and variation of microbial communities in different composting stages.A total of 1143180 high-quality sequences and 4559 OTUs were obtained from 24 samples collected at three different composting temperature stages,which belonged to 49 phyla,154 classes,356 orders,571 families,1081 genera and 2048 species.The dominant bacteria in the Membrane-covered high temperature aerobic composting consisted of Chloroflexi,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Firmicutes,Gemmatimonadota,Acidobacteriota,Bacteroidota,Patescibacteria,Myxococcota,Coprothermobacterota,Planctomycetota and Nitrospirota.By using the classical partial least squares regression model(PLS-DA),the analysis results showed that the bacterial community in the high temperature period of the Membrane-covered high temperature aerobic composting was significantly different from that in the initial composting samples and other composting stages.The LEfSe analysis results clarified the different indicator species at different composting stages;BugBase and FAPROTAX analyses,together with the BLAST with potential pathogenic bacteria,showed that membrane-covered high temperature aerobic composting can effectively reduce the abundance of harmful pathogenic microorganisms.

关 键 词：覆膜高温好氧堆肥 高通量测序 细菌群落多样性 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]