鹞落坪保护区四种不同生境的夏季鸟类多样性差异  

Bird diversity differences in four different habitats in Yaoluoping Nature Reserve in summer

作　　者：赵彬彬 徐文玖 李春林[1] ZHAO Binbin;XU Wenjiu;LI Chunlin(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽230601

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第6期63-72,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770571,31970500);生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测和评估项目。

摘　　要：研究不同生境中鸟类群落的差异可以为其管理与保护提供科学依据。于2017年7—8月在鹞落坪国家级自然保护区的不同海拔区域内开展夏季森林鸟类群落调查,并分析鸟类群落在森林、公路、村村通和村庄等生境之间的差异。结果共调查到78种4225只鸟,隶属于9目30科。由于较高的郁闭度和较单一的植被类型,森林生境中的鸟类物种数、个体数和多样性指数均较低,与穿越森林的公路无显著差异。尽管村村通和公路生境的鸟类个体数与多样性指数没有显著差异,但村村通生境中鸟类物种数显著高于公路生境,仅次于村庄,这可能与其较高的开阔度和较低的干扰有关。村庄鸟类物种数、个体数和香农威纳多样性指数均显著高于其他生境,这可能与村庄比较开阔的生境和丰富的食物资源有关。研究结果表明,在森林景观中,村落等干扰较大的生境中夏季鸟类群落物种多样性较高。Investigating differences in bird communities among various habitats can provide scientific basis for the management and conservation. We surveyed forest birds in areas of different elevations in Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve from July to August, 2017, and compared summer bird communities among forests, highways, village-to-village roads and villages. We recorded a total of 4225 birds belonging to 9 orders and 30 families. Due to the high canopy cover and simplified vegetation, bird species richness, number of individuals and species diversity were all low in forests, not different from those along highways crossing forests. Although there were no significant differences in number of individuals and species diversity between village-to-village road and highways, species richness along village-to-village roads was significantly higher than that along highways, which might be related to the lower disturbances. Species richness, number of individuals and Shannon-Wiener species diversity index in villages were significantly higher than those in other habitats,which could be attributed to the relatively open habitats and rich food resources from humans in villages. Our study indicates that the species diversity of summer bird communities is higher in habitats with greater disturbance such as villages in forests.

关 键 词：鸟类群落 鹞落坪 物种多样性 道路 村庄 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]