论海域使用权与土地承包经营权转化的物权逻辑  

The Real Right Logic of Transformation between Marine Use Right and Land Contract Management Right

作　　者：李国强 李敏 Li Guoqiang;Li Min

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院 [2]大连海事大学国土资源法治研究中心

出　　处：《中国不动产法研究》2022年第1期169-186,共18页Research on Real Estate Law of China

摘　　要：海域使用权与土地承包经营权是分别设立于海域与土地的两种不同物权。既有裁判文书反映出两种权利在相互转化过程中事实认定和法律适用方面的各种冲突。厘清两种权利转化中物权的发生逻辑,前提是所有权层面的权利变动,包括整体转权、概括国有化、照价收买三种集体所有权国有化的方式,转化后形成的土地所有权和海域所有权分别按照用益物权和特许物权的发生逻辑实现设立用益物权。两种权利转化需考虑变换登记的效力、使用费估算、存续期限计算等条件。在土地承包经营权转化为海域使用权时,需要履行审批程序;在海域使用权转化为土地承包经营权时,去除农户身份因素,通常适用以“其他方式”取得土地经营权的情形。需注意两种权利并非任意转化,还受到禁止转化、附条件转化、生态补偿转化三方面限制。ly and buying at the price.The specific way is:land ownership right shall be subject to the usufruct right system,marine ownership right in accordance with the franchise real right system.The particularity of sea objects needs to be positioned in the context of real rights.It can be construed as a special real property.The transformation should consider other conditions,such as the validity of registration,royalty estimation,duration calculation.When transformed into marine use right,the approval procedures shall be implemented.But when transformed into land contract management right,the removal of farmer identity will only apply to the situation of"other means".It should be noted that the two rights are also be limited by three situations:prohibited transformation,conditional transformation and ecological compensation transformation.

关 键 词：海域使用权 土地承包经营权 土地经营权 用益物权 特许物权 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] D922.3[政治法律—法学]