软段结构对无溶剂聚氨酯树脂微相分离的影响  

The effects of soft segments on microphase separation of solvent-free polyurethane resin

作　　者：杨浩[1] 田千俊 石磊 王淋 黄志超[1] 戚栋明[1] YANG Hao;TIAN Qianjun;SHI Lei;WANG Lin;HUANG Zhichao;QI Dongming(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech university,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Hexin Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jiaxing 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),杭州310018 [2]浙江禾欣科技有限公司,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2022年第5期74-81,88,共9页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C01148);浙江理工大学科研启动项目(19012095-Y);浙江省科技厅公益项目(LGG22E030011)。

摘　　要：分别以聚己内酯二醇(PCL)、聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMEG)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)为软段,改性二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为硬段,采用双组份预聚物原位共混聚合法制备了4种无溶剂聚氨酯(SFPU)树脂膜。通过傅里叶红外、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热、拉伸试验、动态力学性能分析等方法,考察了软段结构对SFPU膜微相分离及其结晶性、热性能和机械性能的影响。结果表明:弱极性软段且无侧基的PTMEG-SFPU具有高的微相分离程度、结晶性和热稳定性,并且其玻璃化温度低至-58.6℃,断裂伸长率高达371.1%;强极性软段的PCDL-SFPU具有低的微相分离程度,软硬段相容性好,玻璃化温度较高,拉伸强度达到32.7 MPa,模量达23.3 MPa。Four kinds of solvent-free polyurethanes(SFPU)resin films were prepared by two-component prepolymer in-situ blending polymerization,in which modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI)and 1,4-butanediol(BDO)acted as hard segments and Polycaprolactone diol(PCL),polycarbonates of 1,6-hexanediol(PCDL),poly(tetramethylene oxide glycol)(PTMEG)and polyoxypropylene glycol(PPG)acted as soft segments,respectively.The effects of soft segment structure on the microphase separation,crystallinity,thermal and mechanical properties of SFPU were investigated by Fourier transforminfrared,X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry,tensile test and dynamic mechanical property analysis.The results show that PTMEG-SFPU with weak polarity and unbranched chain has high degree of microphase separation,crystallinity and thermal stability.Besides,its glass transition temperatureis as low as-58.6℃and the elongation at break is as high as 371.1%.The highly polar PCDL-SFPU has a weak degree of microphase separation,good compatibility between soft and hard segments,and a higher glass transition temperature.The tensile strength of PCDL-SFPU reaches 32.7 MPa and modulus reaches 23.3 MPa.

关 键 词：无溶剂聚氨酯 软段结构 极性 热性能 微相分离 

分 类 号：TQ322.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TQ433.4