美国在台湾地区参与国际组织问题上的立场演变--基于1949年至2022年的历史考察  

US Position on Taiwan's Participation in International Organizations:Evolution and Implications:Based on a Historical Survey from 1949 to 2022

作　　者：杨晶华 Yang Jinghua

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院 [2]中国社会科学院台湾研究所

出　　处：《台湾研究》2022年第4期95-110,共16页Taiwan Studies

基　　金：天津市高校港澳台学生国家认同现状及对策研究(项目编号:TJBXGJ19-008)。

摘　　要：台湾地区参与国际组织问题是两岸政治定位争议在国际领域的延伸。两岸围绕这一问题的交锋主要集中于国际多边领域,因而更易成为美西方国家联手“以台制华”的工具。尽管1949年以来美国在台湾地区参与国际组织问题上的立场受到中美实力变化、中美关系以及美国对台政策的影响,但这一问题一直都是美国在国际领域干涉中国内政的重要抓手。近年来,在美国挑起对华全面竞争的背景下,美国政府加大了打“台湾牌”的力度,对台湾地区参与国际组织的支持明显增强。尽管在中国国际影响力上升与现行国际法秩序之下,美国支持台湾地区参与国际组织的支持并未能实质撼动国际社会普遍坚持的一中框架,但美国在国际上频频为台当局参与国际组织站台和撑腰打气,仍对中国政府在国际领域处理涉台事务造成严重干扰。The issue of Taiwan's participation in international organizations is an extension of the cross-strait political positioning disputes in the international field.The confrontation between the two sides on this issue is mainly concentrated in the international and multilateral fields,so it is more likely to become a tool for the United States and Western countries to jointly"use Taiwan to control China".Although the U.S.position on Taiwan's participation in international organizations since 1949 has been influenced by changes in Sino-U.S.power,Sino-U.S.relations,and U.S.policy toward Taiwan,the U.S.has never given up its involvement in this issue.In recent years,in the context of the United States provoking all-round competition with China,the US government has stepped up its efforts to play the"Taiwan card",and its support for Taiwan's participation in international organizations has increased significantly.However,given the rise of China's international influence and the current international legal order,the United States'support for Taiwan's participation in international organizations has not substantively shaken the one-China framework generally adhered to by the international community.The platform and support are still causing serious interference to the Chinese government in Taiwan-related ffairs in the international field.

关 键 词：台湾地区外事主管部门 参加国际组织 美国立场 中美关系 美台关系 

分 类 号：D827.58[政治法律—政治学]