分娩限位栏经历对母猪血液指标及产仔哺育性能的影响  

Effects of experiences in farrowing crate on blood indexes and reproductive performances of sows

作　　者：朱怡轩 鲁立刚 王孝义[1] 李明丽[1] 陈强 张燕林 王淑燕[1] ZHU Yixuan;LU Ligang;WANG Xiaoyi;LI Mingli;CHEN Qiang;ZHANG Yanlin;WANG Shuyan(Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Bijie Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Bijie 551700,China;Yunnan Fuyuefa Livestock and Poultry Feeding Company Limited,Kunming 650300,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201 [2]毕节市畜牧兽医科学研究所,贵州毕节551700 [3]云南福悦发畜禽养殖有限公司,昆明650300

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第15期6-12,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360567);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501206);云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202104BI090022);云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090039);贵州省高层次(“千”层次)创新型人才培养计划项目(2015)。

摘　　要：为了探索前期分娩限位栏经历次数对母猪血液指标和产仔哺育性能的影响,试验选用144头具有0~5次分娩限位栏经历的大白母猪,将不同限位栏经历次数的母猪划分为未经历(初产)、经历1~3次和经历4次或5次3种类型,分别于产前第5天、产前第3天、产仔当天、产后第3天、产后第5天的上午空腹采集前腔静脉血样,测定内分泌指标[皮质醇(COR)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、雌二醇(E2)、胰岛素(INS)、孕酮(PROG)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)]和生化指标[血糖(GLU)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)],并持续跟踪测定母猪的产程、窝产死仔数、仔猪21日龄窝重和哺乳成活率4项产仔哺育性能。结果表明:随着前期分娩限位栏分娩经历次数的增加,再次进入分娩限位栏的母猪血液中INS活性逐渐上升,GLU含量逐渐下降,COR含量和LDH活性逐渐降低,ACTH含量在产前第5天至产后第3天也逐渐减少;母猪产程缩短,窝产死仔数减少,仔猪21日龄窝重和哺乳成活率提高。说明前期分娩限位栏经历次数的增加不仅有助于母猪血液内分泌指标的调控,从而更好地适应陌生分娩环境;而且缩短了母猪产程,改善了产仔哺育性能。To explore the effects of different experience in farrowing crate on blood indexes and reproductive performances of sows,a total of 144 large white sows with 0-5 times farrowing crate experience were used in this experiment.Sows with different parturient experiences were divided into three types:first sow(0 times),multiparous sow(1-3 times)and multiparous sow(4 or 5 times).Cava blood samples were collected on fasting on the morning of 5d before farrowing,3d before farrowing,the farrowing day,3d after farrowing and 5d after farrowing,and endocrine indexes(cortisol[COR],adrenocorticotropin[ACTH],estradiol[E2],insulin[INS],progesterone[PROG],parathyroid hormone[PTH])and biochemical indexes([GLU],lactate dehydrogenase[LDH],creatine kinase[CK],immunoglobulin G[IgG],and immunoglobulin M[IgM])were determined.In addition,the duration of farrowing,number of dead births,litter weight of piglets at 21 days and survival rate of lactation were measured continuously.The results showed that with the increase of delivery experience in farrowing crate,the activity of INS in the blood of sows entering the farrowing crate again gradually increased from low level,blood glucose gradually decreased from high level,and the contents of COR,ACTH and activity of LDH gradually decreased from high level.The litter weight of piglets at 21 days of age and the lactation survival rate of piglets were increased.It indicated that the increase of environmental experience in the farrowing crate not only contributed to the regulation of blood endocrine indexes of sows,but also help the sows to adapt better to the unfamiliar parturition environment.In addition,the birth course of sows was shortened and the performance of farrowing was improved.

关 键 词：分娩限位栏经历 大白母猪 血液指标 产仔哺育性能 适应 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] S815.9[农业科学—畜牧兽医]