2016—2020年贵阳市一期二期胎传梅毒流行病学特征及时空聚集性分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and temporal-spatial clustering analysis of primary,secondary and congenital syphilis in Guiyang,2016—2020

作　　者：戴斯琦 马璐[1,2] 杨敬源[1] 周健[2] 佘敏[2] 黄斌[2] 李劲[2] 祝继[2] 张欐[2] 黄燕瑶 DAI Si-qi;MA Lu;YANG Jing-yuan;ZHOU Jian;SHE Min;HUANG Bin;LI Jin;ZHU Ji;ZHANG Li;HUANG Yan-yao(*Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵阳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第15期2708-2712,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解贵阳市2016—2020年一期、二期和胎传梅毒的流行特征,为进一步防控梅毒提供科学依据。方法数据来源于中国疾病预防控制中心传染病监测系统和贵阳市卫生统计年鉴,描述2016—2020年贵阳市三种梅毒报告病例的流行病学特征,用x^(2)检验和趋势x^(2)检验分析其变化趋势,并使用SaTScan 9.7进行时空分析。结果2016—2020年贵阳市共报告一期、二期、胎传梅毒1513例,年均发病率为6.55/10万,二期梅毒发病率在上升,一期梅毒和胎传梅毒在下降,总体发病率有下降的趋势(x^(2)_(趋势)=49.731,P<0.001),年均下降率为11.82%,发病类型以一期梅毒为主(54.79%)。男性794例(52.48%),女性719例(47.52%),男女性别比为1.10∶1,>15~40岁占总人数的61.86%,男性、女性的发病高峰均在>20~25岁;家务及待业、农民和散居儿童共777例(51.35%)。2016—2020年,除2019年外,其余年份均探测到时空聚集区域(P均<0.05),且聚集时间不固定,一、二期梅毒与胎传梅毒的时空聚集区域吻合,都缩小或转移至乌当区。结论贵阳市梅毒新发趋势下降,但存在明显的时空聚集,应在高聚集区加强梅毒防控。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and temporal-spatial distribution of syphilis in Guiyang from 2016 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for further prevention and control of syphilis.Methods The data were derived from the infectious disease surveillance system of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Guiyang Health Statistics Yearbook.The epidemiological characteristics of three syphilis reported cases in Guiyang Province from 2016 to 2020 were described,and the changing trend was analyzed.The SaTScan v9.7 was used for spatial and temporal analysis.Results A total of 1513 cases of primary,secondary and congenital syphilis were reported in Guiyang Province from 2016 to 2020.The average annual incidence rate was 6.55/100000,with a downward trend(x^(2)_(trend)=49.731,P<0.001).The average annual decline rate was 11.82%.The main type of syphilis was primary syphilis(54.79%).There were 794 male cases(52.48%),719 female cases(47.52%),and a male to female ratio of 1.10∶1.The group of>15~40 years old accounted for 61.86%of the total number.Both male and female incidence peaks were in the>20-25 years old.There were 777 cases(51.35%)of domestic and unemployed persons,farmers and scattered children.From 2016 to 2020,the spatio-temporal aggregation areas were detected except 2019(P<0.05),and the aggregation time was not fixed.The spatio-temporal aggregation areas of primary and secondary syphilis were consistent with those of congenital syphilis,which were reduced or transferred to Wudang District.Conclusion The trend of new syphilis in Guiyang Province is declining,but there is obvious temporal-spatial aggregation,and syphilis prevention and control should be strengthened in aggregation areas.

关 键 词：梅毒 时空聚类分析 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]