唐代于阗的四个历史时期  

The four historical periods of Khotan in the Tang Dynasty

作　　者：孟宪实[1] Meng Xianshi

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院

出　　处：《西域研究》2022年第3期1-11,170,共12页The Western Regions Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金2020年重大项目“中国人民大学藏唐代西域出土文献整理与研究”(项目批准号:20&ZD250)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：位于丝路南道的和田,古代称作于阗,是唐朝设置的安西四镇之一。唐代,于阗隶属安西都护府,节度使时期,也隶属四镇节度使。贞观时期,于阗与唐朝建立君臣关系,于阗在唐朝的发展由此奠定了基础。唐平定西突厥叛乱之后,唐在西域初设四镇,汉朝都护的管理模式再现。长寿元年,唐朝在四镇驻兵,四镇的军镇体制开启,特具实效。安史之乱发生,安西、北庭军队中原勤王,四镇军事实力下降,于阗军地融合获得发展。西域陷蕃之后,唐朝无力西顾,于阗的历史进入另一时期。传世文献与出土文书,共同见证了于阗的历史。Hotan(Hetian),located on the southern route of the Silk Road,was called Yutian(Khotan) in ancient times,and was one of the " Four Towns of Anxi" set up by the Tang Dynasty.In the Tang Dynasty,Yutian(Khotan) was subordinate to the Anxi Duhufu,and during the Jiedushi period,it was also subordinate to the Jiedushi of the Four Towns.During the Zhenguan period,Yutian established a monarch-subject relationship with the Tang Dynasty,which laid the foundation for Khotan’s development in the Tang Dynasty.After pacified the Western Turkic rebellion,the Tang Dynasty initially set up " Four Towns" in the Western Regions,and the management model of Duhufu in the Han Dynasty reappeared.In the first year of Changshou,the Tang Dynasty stationed troops in the four towns and started the Military Town,which was very effective.When the An-Shi Rebellion occurred,the military of Anxi and Beiting deployed to save the Tang Dynasty in the Central Plains,and the Four Towns military force declined,so that the integration of the Yutian(Khotan) army with local administrative system developed.The Tang Dynasty was unable to take care of the Western Regions,and then Yutian(Khotan)entered another historical period.The handed-down documents together with unearthed scripts have witnessed the history of Khotan.

关 键 词：安西四镇 于阗镇守军 军镇体制 毗沙都督府 

分 类 号：K242[历史地理—历史学]